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not only

  • 1 atque or (only before consonants) ac

        atque or (only before consonants) ac conj.    [ad + que], and (like - que, it connects words or thoughts which form a whole, but unlike - que gives prominence rather to what follows, and is rarely repeated).    I. Copulative.    A. Connecting single words and expressions, and, as well as, together with: restituam ac reddam, T.: infamia atque indignitas rei, Cs.: honesta atque inhonesta, S.: parere atque imperare iuxta, L.: acies in speciem simul ac terrorem constiterat, Ta.—Poet. for et... et: Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater, V.—Very rarely after one or more words of its phrase: hederā Gaudere pullā atque myrto, H.—In the phrases: unus atque alter, one and another, one or two, S.: alius atque alius, one and another, successive: aliā atque aliā de causā, L.: etiam atque etiam, again and again, repeatedly: semel atque iterum: iterum atque iterum, V.: huc atque illuc, hither and thither: longe atque late, far and wide.—Adding an emphatic expression, and in fact, and that too, and even, and indeed, and in particular: iter in provinciam nostram atque Italiam, Cs.: dis inmortalibus gratia atque ipsi Iovi: hebeti ingenio atque nullo: res tanta atque tam atrox, S.: Py. cognoscitne? Ch. Ac memoriter, yes, and that too, etc., T.: uno atque eo perexiguo tempore, and that too: atque eo magis, and so much the more: atque id eo magis, and that the more, Cs.: duabus missis cohortibus, atque his primis, etc., Cs. — With adeo or etiam: consilium atque adeo amentia, and in fact: cupide accipiat atque etiam bene dicat, and even, T.: atque adeo etiam, and even, L. —    B. Connecting closely related thoughts, and so, and even, and... too (usu. beginning the clause): atque eccum! and there he is too! T.: Africanus indigens mei? Minime... ac ne ego quidem illius, and I too am not: Punicā religione servata fides est, atque in vincula omnes coniecit, L.—After a word in its clause: funus atque imagines ducant, etc., H.— Adding an emphatic clause: exsules adlicere coepit: ac tantam sibi auctoritatem comparaverat, etc., Cs.: vos pro libertate non... nitemini? atque eo vehementius, quod, etc., S.—With a negative: si fidem habeat... ac non id metuat, ne, etc., and does not rather, T.: quasi nunc id agatur, quis... ac non hoc quaeratur: ut civem, ac non potius ut hostem.—Adding an adversative clause, and yet, and nevertheless: Quibus nunc sollicitor rebus!... atque ex me hic natus non est, T.: non dicere pro nobis possunt; atque haec a nobis petunt omnia: nihil praeterea est magno opere dicendum. ac tamen... pauca etiam nunc dicam. —In transitions, etc.: locum delegerunt. ac primo adventu, etc., Cs.: Atque ea diversa, dum geruntur, V.: Atque hic tantus vir, N.: nomen ei iugo Alpium inditum transgressum, L.—    II. After words of comparison, as, than, than as: nihil aeque atque illam vim requirit: neque mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit: pariter ac si hostes adessent, S.: castra movere iuxta ac si hostes adessent, S.: proinde ac de hominum est vitā merita: cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus, N.: similiter atque ipse eram commotus: fit aliud atque existimaris: aliter causam agi atque iste existimaret: non secus ac si meus esset frater: simulacrum contra atque antea fuerat convertere: simul atque adsedisti: haud minus ac iussi faciunt, V.: Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus, H.

    Latin-English dictionary > atque or (only before consonants) ac

  • 2 antistō (not antes-)

        antistō (not antes-) stetī, —, āre    [ante + sto], to stand before, only fig., to excel, surpass, be superior: quanto antistaret eloquentia innocentiae, N.: si (quaeritur) ratio... Pompeius antistat: alcui aliquā re.

    Latin-English dictionary > antistō (not antes-)

  • 3 NON DIFFERENTES PROPRIE SED TANTUM DIVERSAE (NOT DIFFERING IN THE PROPER SENSE OF THE WORD BUT ONLY DIVERSE)

    не различные в строгом смысле этого слова, а всего лишь разнообразные, т. е. обладают чем-то общим.

    Латинский словарь средневековых философских терминов > NON DIFFERENTES PROPRIE SED TANTUM DIVERSAE (NOT DIFFERING IN THE PROPER SENSE OF THE WORD BUT ONLY DIVERSE)

  • 4 non solum ... sed etiam

    not only... but also

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > non solum ... sed etiam

  • 5 tum

        tum adv., of time    [3 TA-].—Of time past, then, at that time, in those times: placuit tum id mihi, T.: qui tum vexare cupiebant: vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant, L.: Caere, opulento tum oppido, L.: tum Staienus condemnatus est, i. e. in that trial.—In emphatic opposition to other advv. of time: tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopiā? T.: quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revolsa, nunc a me tamen deportata est: Et tum sicca, prius creberrima fontibus, Ide, O.—Of time present (only in orat. obliq., for nunc), now, at this time, then: quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore? if they were not now so, L.—Of time future, then, in that case, if that be done, thereupon: Tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars, H.: confer sudantes, ructantes... tum intelleges, etc.: agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem, qui sciet, etc., L.—Of time indefinite, then, at such a time, in such circumstances, in this instance, if so: nam quid agimus, cum sevocamus animum?... quid, inquam, tum agimus, nisi, etc.?—Repeated, tum... tum, sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another: tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur: dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites, L.—Of succession in time, then, thereupon, next, afterwards, forthwith: conlocari iussit hominem in aureo lecto... Tum ad mensam eximiā formā pueros iussit consistere: tum, prope iam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Virginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit, L.—In a series, repeated, or with other advv. or conjj. varying the expression: ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Iove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.: tum... alias... tum... alias: tum... tum... aliquando: tum... tum... aut... aut: modo... tum autem.—Fig., of succession in thought, and then, besides, also, moreover, again, further, on the other hand: Quot me censes homines iam deverberasse, Hospites tum civīs? as well as, T.: faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur.—After a general clause with cum, introducing a particular or emphatic assertion: cum... tum, as... so, while... also, not only... but also, as... so especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere, T.: cum omnium rerum simulatio vitiosa est, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime: movet patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor, L.—Cum, followed by tum vero, tum maxime, tum praecipue or tum inprimis, while... in particular, not only... but especially, while... above all, not only... but chiefly: cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.: cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc., Cs.: cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.— Cum, followed by tum certe, tum nimirum, tum etiam, tum quoque or tum praeterea, while... at least, as... so assuredly, both... and as well, not only... but moreover: at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis: cum memoriter, tum etiam amice, etc.: cum potestas maior, tum vir quoque potestati par, etc., L.—Referring to a temporal clause, with cum.—Of coincidence of definite time, tum... cum, or cum... tum, at the time when, at a time when, even when, already when: tum, quom gratum mihi esse potuit, nolui, T.: cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur: tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret, L.—Of succession in time, then, next, at once, forthwith: id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit: cum muros defensoribus nudasset, tum Afros ad subruendum murum mittit, L.—Of indefinite time, tum... cum, or cum... tum, at the time when, at a time when, at such times as, whenever: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adiungitur: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, O.—With ubi, of succession in time, then, next, at once, forthwith: ubi eorum dolorem cognovi, tum meum animum in illos proposui: ubi spectaculi tempus venit, tum orta vis, L.—Of indefinite time, ubi... tum, whenever: Post ubi tempust promissa iam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt, T.—With postquam or postea quam, of succession in definite time, then, at once: tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc., L.: posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc., as soon as.—In indefinite time, then, always: postquam commoditas prava dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum malitia praevertere urbīs adsuevit.—With ut, ut... tum, or tum... ut, when, after, as soon as: ut vero accessit cohortatio... tum vero filium seduxit: ut vero aquam ingressi sunt, tum utique egressis rigere corpora, L.—With quando, tum... quando, or quando... tum, when, as soon as: utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent.—With dum, then, meanwhile: dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit, V.—With quam diu, then, so long: qui, quam tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quam diu tecum in provinciā fuit, verum, etc.—With a relative, then, at that time: Quā tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis iunxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis iam fui ad pariendum mensibus, C. poët.—With an abl absol., then, thereafter, at once: ut morte eius nuntiatā tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur: ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello dictator rettulit, L.—Fig., in a conclusion after cum or si, then, therefore, consequently, in that case: cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo coepit, etc.: quid tum quaeso, si hoc pater resciverit? T.: Si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset, T. —In particular phrases, iam tum, already at that time, as soon as that: iam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri, T.: ut mihi iam tum divinasse ille videatur hanc urbem esse, etc.—Tum demum or tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, as late as that: tum demum Liscus, quod antea tacuerat, proponit, Cs.: quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus.—Tum primum, tum primo, or tum deinde, then first, then for the first time, not till then: ludorum gratiā, quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset: tum primo, L.: quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia conlegae subrogando habuit, L.— Hic tum, at this point, just here, just then: hic tum iniectus est hominibus scrupulus.—With emphatic particles, tum vero, tum enim vero, or enim vero tum, then indeed, just then, at that crisis, then if not before, then: discedit a Melino Cluentia. tum vero illa egregia mater palum exsultare... coepit: Quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... Sensit, Tum vero gemitūs... Edidit, O.—Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least: et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem, etc.—Ne tum quidem, not even then: num quis horum miser hodie? ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum.—Tum maxime or tum cum maxime, especially at that time, chiefly then, just then, precisely at that time: quem provincia tum maxime exspectabat: regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti, at that very time, L.—Etiam tum, even then, even at that time, even already, even yet: totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit: Ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos, not yet long, O.—Tum quoque, also then, then likewise, then as before, then too, then once more, even then: tum quoque homini plus tribui quam necessitati: tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis, L.—Tum autem, and then, besides further, moreover, nay even, statim se ad hominis egentis, tum autem iudicis, familiaritatem se applicavit: tanta enim tempestas cooritur... tum autem nives proluit, etc., Cs.— Tum ipsum, at that very time, just then, even then: id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere.—Quid tum? what then? what next? what further?: dic; cras est mihi Iudicium. quid tum? T.: videsne abundare me otio? A. quid tum?
    * * *
    then, next; besides; at that time

    cum...tum -- not only...but also

    Latin-English dictionary > tum

  • 6 tum

    tum, adv. demonstr., of time [pronom. demonstr. stems to-, ta-; Gr. to, seen in ita, tam, etc.; cf. quom or cum], then.
    I.
    Absol.
    A.
    Referring to a time previously specified.
    1.
    To a definite past time.
    (α).
    To a period of time in which something was or happened (opp. later periods) = illis temporibus:

    is dictu'st ollis popularibus olim Qui tum vivebant homines,

    Enn. Ann. v. 308 Vahl.:

    quod tum erat res in pecore et locorum possessionibus, i. e. Romuli temporibus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16:

    cum illi male dicerent, quod tum fieri licebat, i. e. Periclis temporibus,

    id. de Or. 3, 34, 138:

    erat omnino tum mos ut faciles essent in suum cuique tribuendo,

    id. Brut. 21, 85; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 46, 111:

    vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant,

    Liv. 1, 4, 6; 2, 6, 8; 3, 29, 3; 4, 6, 12; 42, 62, 11;

    44, 9, 4: ut tum erant tempora,

    Nep. Att. 1, 2; 12, 3; Liv. 1, 3, 3; 1, 8, 4; 2, 7, 4; 2, 9, 8; 2, 50, 2; 2, 63, 6;

    39, 6, 7 and 9.—With illis temporibus: nam jam tum illis temporibus fortius... loquebantur quam pugnabant,

    Nep. Thras. 2, 4.—
    (β).
    Referring to a point of time, then, at that time:

    insigneita fere tum milia militum octo Duxit,

    Enn. Ann. v. 336 Vahl.: ut jacui exsurgo;

    ardere censui aedis: ita tum confulgebant,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 15:

    jam duo restabant fata tum,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 35; id. Cist. 1, 3, 14: quot eras annos gnatus tum, quom, etc.? Me Septuennis, nam tum dentes mihi cadebant primulum, id. Men. 5, 9, 56; id. Merc. prol. 66; id. Most. 1, 2, 49; id. Am. 2, 1, 56; Ter. And. 1, 1, 82: sic igitur tum se levis ac diffusilis aether... undique flexit. Lucr. 5, 467; 5, 837; 5, 911; 5, 432;

    5, 942: atque huic anno proximus Sulla consule et Pompejo fuit. Tum P. Sulpicii in tribunatu, cottidie contionantis, totum genus dicendi cognovimus,

    Cic. Brut. 89, 306; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69:

    scribit Eudemum Pheras venisse, quae erat urbs in Thessalia tum admodum nobilis,

    id. Div. 1, 25, 53; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

    hi tum in Asia rhetorum principes,

    id. Brut. 91, 316; id. Sest. 11, 26; id. Planc. 37, 90; id. Quint. 61, 170; id. Fam. 9, 21, 2:

    hoc tum veritus Caesar Pharum prehendit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112:

    eodem anno a Campanis Cumae, quam Graeci tum urbem tenebant, capiuntur,

    Liv. 4, 44, 13; 1, 7, 14; 2, 9, 5;

    2, 37, 7: praetores tum duos Latium habebat,

    id. 8, 3, 9:

    Aemilius, cujus tum fasces erant, dictatorem dixit,

    id. 8, 12, 13; 5, 8, 4; 22, 46, 6;

    1, 7, 12: tum Athenis perpetui archontes esse desierunt,

    Vell. 1, 8, 3:

    tum Cimbri et Teutoni transcendere Rhenum,

    id. 2, 8, 3; Val. Max. 1, 5, 3; Tac. H. 4, 49; 3, 57:

    non timido, non ignavo cessare tum licuit,

    Curt. 3, 11, 5:

    Archiae, qui tum maximum magistratum Thebis obtinebat,

    Nep. Pelop. 3, 2; id. Phoc. 3, 3.—With in eo tempore: eum quem virile secus tum in eo tempore habebat, Asell. ap. Gell. 2, 13, 5.—Repeated by anaphora:

    quae nox omnium temporum conjurationis acerrima fuit. Tum Catilinae dies exeundi, tum ceteris manendi condicio, tum descriptio... constituta est, tum tuus pater, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 18, 52; cf. Lucr. 5, 1377; 5, 1399.—
    (γ).
    Esp., referring to a former state, implying that it no longer exists:

    quaesivit ex lege illa Cornelia quae tum erat,

    Cic. Clu. 20, 55:

    cum sententias Oppianicus, quae tum erat potestas, palam ferri velle dixisset,

    id. ib. 27, 75:

    Caere, opulento tum oppido,

    Liv. 1, 2, 3; 3, 52, 3:

    praetores aerarii (nam tum a praetoribus tractabatur aerarium), etc.,

    Tac. H. 4, 9.—
    (δ).
    Expressly opposed to present time (hodie, nunc, hoc tempore, etc.; class. and very freq.; but in post-Aug. writers tunc is regularly used): prius non is eras qui eras;

    nunc is factu's qui tum non eras,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 138:

    tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopia?

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 25; id. Hec. 3, 3, 48:

    quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revulsa, nunc a me tamen reportata est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112:

    tum imperator populi Romani deos patrios reportabat, nunc praetor ejusdem populi eosdem illos deos... auferebat,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; 2, 5, 20, § 51; id. Clu. 31, 86; id. Planc. 9, 22; id. Quint. 22, 71; id. Phil. 14, 8, 21; id. Leg. 2, 22, 57; Caes. B. C. 3, 17; Liv. 5, 3, 5; 6, 15, 11; 10, 9, 6.—
    (ε).
    Opposed to another time specified:

    itaque tum eos exire jussit. Post autem e provincia litteras ad conlegium misit, se, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    itaque ut tum carere rege, sic pulso Tarquinio nomen regis audire non poterat,

    id. Rep. 2, 30, 53; id. Mil. 21, 55:

    sicut legatorum antea, ita tum novorum colonorum caede imbutis armis,

    Liv. 4, 31, 7; 39, 22, 10; 9, 36, 1; 2, 52, 7; 4, 2, 10; 4, 57, 11;

    21, 17, 1: et tum sicca, prius celeberrima fontibus, Ide,

    Ov. M. 2, 218; Verg. A. 11, 33; Nep. Arist. 2, 3; id. Ham. 11, 7.—
    (ζ).
    In the historians in applying general statements or truths to the state of affairs spoken of: communi enim fit vitio naturae ut invisis atque incognitis rebus... vehementius exterreamur;

    ut tum accidit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 4; 3, 68; id. B. G. 7, 3; 2, 6; id. B. C. 1, 80:

    foedera alia aliis legibus, ceterum eodem modo omnia fiunt. Tum ita factum accepimus,

    Liv. 1, 24, 4; 1, 32, 14; 21, 31, 12.—
    (η).
    Denoting coincidence or inner connection with an action before mentioned = a temporal clause (tum = cum hoc fieret), then, on that occasion:

    quis tum non ingemuit?

    Cic. Vatin. 13, 31:

    ne tum quidem hominum venustatem et facetias perspicere potuisti? i. e. cum coronam auream imponebant,

    id. Fl. 31, 76: apud imperitos tum illa dicta sunt;

    nunc agendum est subtilius,

    id. Fin. 4, 27, 74:

    itaque tum Stajenus condemnatus est,

    i. e. in that trial, id. Clu. 36, 101; id. Sen. 7, 22:

    M. Porcius Cato qui, asper ingenio, tum lenem mitemque senatorem egit,

    Liv. 45, 25; Val. Max. 8, 3, 3:

    sed tum supplicia dis... decernuntur,

    Tac. A. 3, 64; 3, 72:

    Graecia tum potuit Priamo quoque flenda videri,

    Ov. M. 14, 474.—

    With the occasion referred to specified in the same clause: Manlius... ex petulanti scurra in discordiis civitatis ad eam columnam tum suffragiis populi pervenerat,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39:

    emisti tum in naufragio hujus urbis... tum, inquam, emisti ut, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7.—Repeated by anaphora: et Capitolinis injecit sedibus ignes. Tum statua Nattae, tum simulacra deorum, Romulusque et Remus cum altrice belua vi fulminis icti conciderunt, Cic. Div. 2, 20, 45;

    so repeated seven times,

    id. Rep. 1, 40, 62.—
    (θ).
    Redundant, the time of the action being clear without it (esp. in Cic.):

    atque hoc tum judicio facto... tamen Avitus Oppianicum reum statim non facit,

    Cic. Clu. 20, 56:

    itaque tum ille inopia et necessitate coactus ad Caepasios confugit,

    id. ib. 20, 57; id. Brut. 23, 90; 39, 145; 43, 161; cf. id. Sull. 18, 51, where tum redundant occurs six times successively.—
    2.
    In oblique discourse, referring to the time of the speaker, = nunc in direct discourse:

    quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore?

    if they were not now so, Liv. 3, 62, 1:

    (dixit Sempronius)... nec tum agrum plebi, sed sibi invidiam quaeri,

    id. 4, 44, 9; 4, 57, 4:

    moenia eos tum transcendere non Italiae modo, sed etiam urbis Romanae,

    id. 21, 35, 9; 5, 21, 7 (in this use nunc is also freq.).—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    (α).
    Then, at such a time of the year, day, etc., at such a season:

    tum denique tauros in gregem redigo (after Lyra rises),

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12; 1, 35 fin.; Col. 11, 2, 87.—
    (β).
    With the force of an indefinite temporal clause, at such a time, in such circumstances, i. e. when such a thing happens as has happened:

    qui (porci) a partu decimo die habentur puri, ab eo appellantur sacres, quod tum ad sacrificium idonei habentur primum,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 16; 2, 7, 13:

    deinde cibum sequitur somnus... quia plurima tum se corpora conturbant (i. e. cum cibum ceperunt),

    Lucr. 4, 957; 3, 599; 4, 892; 4, 919;

    4, 1030: quam regionem cum superavit animus... finem altius se efferendi facit. Tum enim sui similem et levitatem et calorem adeptus... nullam in partem movetur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43; 1, 31, 75; 3, 23, 55; 4, 24, 54; Tac. Dial. 7.—
    (γ).
    With the force of a conditional clause, then, in this instance, if so: immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis. Ph. Tum tu igitur, qua causa missus es ad portum, id expedi (i. e. si ita est), Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 39; id. Most. 5, 1, 55; id. As. 1, 1, 93; 2, 2, 64; 3, 3, 36; id. Aul. 3, 6, 31; id. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 2, 78: non potitus essem;

    fuisset tum illos mi aegre aliquot dies,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 7; id. Eun. 2, 2, 50; 5, 1, 23; id. Hec. 3, 5, 12:

    ego C. Caesaris laudibus desim, quas, etc.? Tum hercule me confitear non judicium aliquod habuisse,

    Cic. Planc. 39, 93: scribant aliquid Isocrateo more...;

    tum illos existimabo non desperatione formidavisse genus hoc,

    id. Or. 70, 235; id. Font. 21, 49 (17, 39); id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; id. Fam. 9, 8, 2; Ov. H. 18 (19), 81: vellem tam ferax saeculum haberemus...;

    tum ego te primus hortarer, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 8.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    To a definite time before mentioned:

    ut sit satius perdere Quam aut nunc manere tam diu, aut tum persequi,

    i. e. after my future return, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 27:

    jam nunc mente prospicio quae tum studia hominum, qui concursus futuri sint,

    Cic. Div. in Caecin. 13, 42; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37; 1, 10, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 17; id. Marcell. 9, 30:

    tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 45.—
    (β).
    With the force of a conditional clause (cf. 3. b, supra), then, in this instance, if so: specta, tum scies. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 100; cf.:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 37: tuom incendes genus;

    Tum igitur aquae erit tibi cupido, etc.,

    id. Trin. 3, 2, 50; id. Curc. 2, 3, 17:

    confer sudantes, ructantes, refertos epulis... tum intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 100; id. Planc. 18, 45; id. Phil. 2, 45, 115:

    agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem qui sciet, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 29, 12; Cic. Phil. 10, 3, 6; id. Or. 23, 78; 71, 235; Liv. 4, 22, 11; 5, 16, 10; 9, 11, 4.—
    B.
    Referring to a time subsequent to a time mentioned, then, thereupon.
    1.
    Simple sequence in time.
    (α).
    Time proper (only of an immediate sequence;

    otherwise deinde, postea, etc., are used): tum cum corde suo divum pater atque hominum rex Effatur, etc.,

    Enn. Ann. 179:

    dico ei quo pactod eam viderim erilem nostram filiam sustollere. Extimuit tum illa,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 29; id. As. 4, 1, 58: tum ille egens forte adplicat Primum ad Chrysidis patrem se. Ter. And. 5, 4, 21; id. Eun. 3, 1, 17; Cato, R. R. 48 (49); 135 (136); so id. ib. 112 (113): equos quinto anno... amittere binos (dentes);

    tum renascentes eis sexto anno impleri,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2 sq.: collo [p. 1909] cari jussit hominem in aureo lecto, abacosque complures ornavit... Tum ad mensam eximia forma pueros jussit consistere, eosque, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61:

    dixerat hoc ille, cum puer nuntiavit venire ad eum Laelium... Tum Scipio e cubiculo est egressus, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 12, 18; id. Div. 2, 66, 135; id. Clu. 14, 40; id. Cat. 3, 5, 10; id. Ac. 2, 5, 13; id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    hostes suos ab oppugnatione reduxerunt. Tum suo more conclamaverunt ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 26; cf. id. ib. 7, 64; 5, 43 fin.;

    5, 48: adsurgentem ibi regem cuspide ad terram adfixit. Tum spolia caputque abscisum spiculo gerens... hostes fudit,

    Liv. 4, 19, 5; 5, 21, 1; 1, 26, 9; 1, 18, 10; 1, 20, 1; 1, 22, 6; 1, 28, 4; 1, 28, 9; 2, 24, 4;

    3, 8, 11, etc.: tum Caesar cum exercitu Thessaliam petit,

    Vell. 2, 52, 1; Val. Max. 5, 1, 3; Curt. 4, 3, 7; Tac. A. 3, 28; 11, 35; id. H. 4, 84; Ov. M. 2, 122; 4, 80; 7, 121; 10, 481; 14, 386; Flor. 1, 13, 12; Gell. 1, 19, 5; 1, 23, 5.—
    (β).
    In partic., foll. by an abl. absol.:

    tum, prope jam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Verginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit,

    Liv. 3, 11, 9; 8, 32, 1; 10, 29, 12:

    tum omni spe perdita, Meherdates dolo ejus vincitur, traditurque victori,

    Tac. A. 12, 15; 12, 16:

    tum, ferro extracto, confestim exanimatus est,

    Nep. Epam. 9, 4.—
    (γ).
    Implying a connection between two events, hence, under these circumstances, accordingly, thereupon:

    at pater omnipotens ira tum percitus acri... Phaethonta... Deturbavit in terram,

    Lucr. 5, 399:

    madefactum iri Graeciam sanguine... tum neque te ipsum non esse commotum, Marcumque Varronem et M. Catonem... vehementer esse perterritos,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 34, 76; Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf. id. ib. 5, 49; 5, 51;

    7, 59: quippe quibus nec domi spes prolis, nec cum finitimis conubia essent. Tum ex consilio patrum Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

    Liv. 1, 9, 2; 3, 26, 1; 3, 31, 7; 4, 45, 7.—
    2.
    Enumeration of a series of events; the co-ordinate clauses introduced by tum... tum, or primum (primo)... deinde... tum, etc.
    (α).
    Succession of time proper:

    ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Jove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49; 1, 27, 57; 2, 28, 58 sq.:

    primo... deinde... tum... tum,

    id. Fin. 1, 16, 50; 5, 23, 65; id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5:

    primum... deinde... tum... postremo,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; 3, 3, 6: primum colonos inde Romanos expulit: inde in Latinam viam transgressus, etc., inde Lavinium recepit; tum deinceps Corbionem, Vitelliam;

    postremum, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 39, 4:

    primi consules sub jugum missi, tum ut quisque gradu proximus erat, tum deinceps singulae legiones,

    id. 9, 6, 1:

    primo... deinde... tum... tum,

    id. 21, 22, 8; id. praef. 9; 3, 28, 8: 5, 39, 7;

    23, 23, 6: deinde... deinde... Tum... post quas, etc.,

    Curt. 3, 3, 24: primum... deinde... deinde... tum... postea, Masur. Gabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5; Gai. Inst. 4, 60.—
    (β).
    So in partic.: tum (also hic, et;

    not deinde or postea), to denote the succession of speakers in dialogue: immo duas dabo, inquit adulescens... Tum senex ille: Si vis, inquit, quattuor sane dato,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 46 dub.:

    tum Piso... inquit, etc. Tum Quintus... inquit, etc. Hic ego... inquam, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Piso... inquit, etc. Et ille ridens... inquit, etc. Tum Piso exorsus est, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sqq.:

    tum Atticus... inquit, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Brutus, etc. Tum ille, etc. Tum Atticus, etc. Tum Pomponius... inquit, etc.,

    id. Brut. 3, 11 sqq., and through the whole treatise; cf. id. Ac. 1, 2, 4; 1, 3, 9; 1, 4, 13; 1, 12, 43 and 44; 2, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 15 sqq.; id. Rep. 1, 13, 19 sqq.; Liv. 7, 10, 2 sqq.; 23, 12, 8; Tac. Dial. 3; 15; 25; 42; Gell. 3, 1, 11 sqq.; 18, 1, 9 sqq.; Ov. M. 14, 594.—
    (γ).
    Transf., of sequence or succession of thought, passing into mere co-ordination (v. C. 2. b, g), then... again... furthermore:

    qui mi in cursu obstiterit, faxo vitae is obstiterit suae. Prius edico ne quis, etc. Tum pistores scrofipasci qui, etc. Tum piscatores.... Tum lanii autem qui, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 28; 4, 2, 34; 4, 2, 39: (res familiaris) primum bene parta sit, tum quam plurimis se utilem praebeat, deinde augeatur ratione, diligentia, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92; id. Ac. 2, 47, 146; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68 sq.; 5, 40, 117; id. Ac. 2, 10, 30; id. de Or. 1, 42, 190; id. Cat. 4, 3, 5; id. Agr. 1, 2, 5; id. Clu. 2, 6; Liv. 3, 26, 11.—
    C.
    Hence, as co-ordinating conjunction, introducing an additional assertion, or thought.
    1.
    Alone, = praeterea, and then, besides, also, moreover, on the other hand (freq. in ante-class. style and in Cic.;

    rare in Livy and post-Aug. prose): argenti aurique advexit multum, lanam purpuramque multam... tum Babylonica peristromata, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 10; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 71; 4, 8, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 78; id. Aul. 1, 2, 6; 1, 3, 16; id. Men. 5, 5, 41; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 15; 4, 2, 3; Ter. And. 1, 5, 27; 1, 2, 21; 2, 3, 7; id. Eun. prol. 4; 5, 6, 15; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; Lucr. 4, 680; cf. id. 1, 494; 4, 1152:

    magnum ingenium L. Luculli, magnumque optimarum artium studium, tum omnis ab eo percepta doctrina... caruit omnino rebus urbanis,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 1; 2, 14, 43; id. Div. 1, 24, 50; 1, 42, 94; id. de Or. 1, 46, 201; id. Off. 1, 6, 19; id. Fin. 1, 6, 21; 2, 16, 53; id. Leg. 1, 5, 17; 1, 9, 26; id. Rab. Post. 14, 40; id. Phil. 13, 12, 26:

    altera ex parte Bellovaci instabant, alteram Camulogenus tenebat: tum legiones a praesidio interclusas maximum flumen distinebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 59; id. B. C. 3, 49: naves convenerunt duae Punicae quinqueremes;

    duae ab Heraclea triremes... tum quinque Rhodiae quadriremes,

    Liv. 42, 56, 6; 1, 40, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 4; Just. 5, 10, 3.—Sometimes connecting two terms of the same clause, with the force of cum... tum (v. infra, 3. d.):

    quot me censes homines jam deverberasse, hospites tum civis?

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 14:

    faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 7; Liv. 28, 43, 1 (in co-ordination often with etiam, autem, and sometimes with praeterea and porro; v. III. infra).—
    2.
    Tum as correlative of a preceding tum.
    (α).
    With an added assertion or thought: ita est haec hominum natio: voluptarii atque potatores, Tum sycophantae... plurimi In urbe habitant;

    tum meretrices mulieres Nusquam perhibentur blandiores gentium,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 100; 3, 1, 102.—
    (β).
    Tum... tum = nunc... nunc (modo... modo), sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another (freq. in Cic., not in Caes., rare in Liv., and very rare in postAug. writers):

    tum huc, tum illuc inretitos impedit piscis,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17:

    tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 134:

    mihi... tum hoc tum illud probabilius videtur,

    id. Off. 3, 7, 33; so id. Am. 4, 13; id. Sen. 13, 45; id. Top. 7, 31; id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    (alvus) tum restringitur, tum relaxatur,

    id. ib. 2, 54, 136; id. Rep. 3, 13 (14), 23; id. Leg. 2, 7, 16; id. Or. 63, 212; id. Sen. 3, 7; id. Inv. 1, 37, 66:

    dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites,

    Liv. 8, 39, 4; Suet. Ner. 1; Gell. 1, 11, 15.—Tum may be repeated several times:

    plerique propter voluptatem tum in morbos graves, tum in damna, tum in dedecora incurrunt,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47; 3, 7, 26;

    so three times,

    id. N. D. 1, 12, 29; 1, 14, 37; 1, 15, 39; id. Inv. 1, 52, 98; id. Or. 3, 45, 177; id. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 2, 17, 43; id. Top. 25, 96;

    four times,

    id. N. D. 1, 43, 120; 2, 20, 52; 2, 39, 101; id. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75;

    five times,

    id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; id. Inv. 1, 13, 17; 1, 41, 76; id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 94;

    six times,

    id. ib. 1, 53, 120;

    seven times,

    Quint. 9, 4, 133;

    nine times,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 51.—And in chronological order (to be distinguished from the instances B. 2. a and g):

    Atheniensium (rem publicam constituerunt) tum Theseus, tum Draco, tum Solo, tum Clisthenes, tum multi alii,

    at different times, successively, Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 2.—
    (γ).
    Preceded or followed by other co-ordinate words (alias, modo, aliquando, aut... aut, nunc... nunc):

    ex quo intellegitur qualis ille sit quem tum moderatum, alias modestum, tum temperantem, alias constantem continentemque dicimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:

    tum... tum... aliquando,

    id. Div. 2, 2, 6:

    tum... tum... aut... aut,

    id. Or. 61, 204:

    modo... tum autem,

    id. N. D. 2, 40, 142:

    nunc... nunc... tum... tum,

    Flor. 1, 17, 5.—
    (δ).
    Tum... tum = et... et, both... and, not only... but also, partly... partly, without regard to time, the second term being frequently strengthened by etiam (mostly post-Aug.):

    Milo Compsam oppugnans, ictusque lapide tum Clodio, tum patriae, quam armis petebat, poenas dedit,

    Vell. 2, 68, 3:

    Muciam et Fulviam, tum a patre, tum a viro utramque inclitam,

    Val. Max. 9, 1, 8:

    Caesar Pompejo tum proprias, tum etiam filiae lacrimas reddidit,

    id. 5, 1, 10; Quint. 7, 3, 18; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 28; id. Clem. 1, 19, 2; Front. Aquaed. 1; Tac. A. 12, 33; Suet. Tit. 3; Nep. praef. 8;

    and with etiam,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8; 5, 9, 1; 7, 6 prooem.; Nep. Them. 2, 3.—
    3.
    As correlative with a preceding cum, introducing particular after a universal or a stronger or more important assertion after a weaker or less important.
    a.
    Connecting complete sentences with different predicates, cum... tum = as... so, while... (tum being not translated; ante-class. cum always with indic.; class. with subj. or indic.):

    quom antehac te amavi, et mihi amicam esse crevi... tum id mihi hodie aperuisti,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 2; id. Truc. 4, 1, 6:

    quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 69; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:

    quae cum res tota ficta sit pueriliter, tum ne efficit quidem quod vult,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19; id. Tusc. 5, 39, 13; id. Fam. 13, 16, 1; and so with subj., id. N. D. 1, 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 2, 5; id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Brut. 39, 145; 11, 250:

    cum omnium rerum simulatio est vitiosa, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime,

    id. Lael. 25, 91; id. Div. 2, 27, 58; and so with indic., id. Planc. 33, 80; id. Tull. 4, 8; id. Div. in Caecil. 20, 65; id. Sest. 1, 2; id. Fam. 16, 4, 4:

    haec cum merito ejus fieri intellegebat, tum magni interesse arbitrabatur, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 4; 3, 16; id. B. C. 1, 58; Liv. 3, 34, 1; 4, 53, 4.—
    b.
    Clauses with the same predicate, which is placed after the first clause (always with indic.):

    nam mihi, cum multa eximie divineque videntur Athenae tuae peperisse, tum nihil melius illis mysteriis quibus, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42; id. Phil. 2, 5, 12; Liv. 4, 46, 10; 6, 38, 10.—
    c.
    Clauses with a common predicate placed before both co-ordinate terms, cum... tum = not only, but also; as... so especially:

    visa est Arcesilae cum vera sententia, tum honesta et digna sapiente,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 77; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; 2, 35, 119; 3, 1, 3:

    movit patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor,

    Liv. 9, 10, 1; 4, 57, 2; Suet. Ner. 46 init. —
    d.
    With a common predicate after both co-ordinate terms:

    quom virum tum uxorem, di vos perdant,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 103:

    luxuria cum omni aetati turpis tum senectuti foedissima est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123; id. Clu. 59, 161; id. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 86; id. N. D. 1, 21, 57; id. Deiot. 9, 26; id. Clu. 16, 46:

    concitatos animos flecti quam frangi putabat cum tutius tum facilius esse,

    Liv. 2, 23, 15; 6, 9, 8; 1, 57, 1; 10, 26, 13; Tac. Dial. 5.—With tum several times repeated:

    quem pater moriens cum tutoribus et propinquis, tum legibus, tum aequitati magistratuum, tum judiciis vestris commendatum putavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 151; cf. esp. id. Planc. 40, 95. —
    e.
    Tum, in this construction, is freq. strengthened,
    (α).
    By vero:

    cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.,

    in particular, Cic. Clu. 58, 159; id. Mur. 27, 55; id. Phil. 3, 5, 12; 7, 3, 9; cf. id. Or. 1, 23, 106; 3, 16, 60; Liv. 34, 39, 9; Quint. 12, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    By maxime, above all, most of all, especially, chiefly:

    cum omnibus in rebus temeritas in adsentando turpis est, tum in eo loco maxime in quo ju dicandum est quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 4, 7; id. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; 5, 12, 36; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 69:

    cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 56; Sall. J. 43, 5; Liv. 1, 8, 2; Suet. Claud. 30; Quint. 6, 1, 29.—
    (γ).
    By praecipue, especially, chiefly, above all:

    cum omnium sociorum provinciarumque rationem diligenter habere debetis, tum praecipue Siciliae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2; id. Fam. 13, 11, 3:

    fortuna quae plurimum potest cum in reliquis rebus, tum praecipue in bello,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 68; Liv. 22, 43, 11; 1, 40, 3; Quint. 1, 1, 29; 1, 10, 13; 5, 10, 106; Plin. Ep. 4, 3, 2.—
    (δ).
    By inprimis, chiefly, principally:

    cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; id. Fam. 12, 22, 3.—
    (ε).
    By cumprimis, chiefly, principally: quapropter bene cum superis de rebus habenda Nobis est ratio... tum cumprimis Unde anima atque animi constet [p. 1910] natura videndum, Lucr. 1, 131.—
    (ζ).
    By certe, especially, at least, assuredly:

    at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 5, 13; id. Fam. 7, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 1, 10.—
    (η).
    By nimirum, assuredly, undoubtedly:

    cum plurimas... commoditates amicitia contineat, tum illa nimirum praestat omnibus quod, etc.,

    Cic. Am. 7, 23. —
    (θ).
    By etiam, besides, as well:

    cum omnes omnibus ex terris homines improbos audacesque collegerat, tum etiam multos fortes viros et bonos... tenebat,

    Cic. Cael. 6, 14; id. Ac. 2, 10, 31; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:

    quos tu cum memoriter, tum etiam erga nos amice et benevole collegisti,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:

    cum sua virtute, tum etiam alienis vitiis,

    id. Leg. 23, 67; id. Fin. 2, 12, 38; id. N. D. 2, 37, 95; id. de Or. 3, 60, 225; Liv. 1, 21, 2; 7, 23, 6; 7, 32, 10; Val. Max. 7, 2, 3; 3, 2, 10; 9, 6, 3; Quint. 9, 1, 20; 9, 4, 143.—
    (ι).
    By quoque, also, besides, as well:

    cum potestas major, tum vir quoque potestati par hostes trans Anienem submovere,

    Liv. 4, 17, 11; 1, 22, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 72.—
    (κ).
    By et, also, besides, too:

    cujus mortem cum luctus civitatis, tum et dictaturae undecim insignem fecere,

    Just. 19, 1, 7.—
    (λ).
    By praeterea, moreover, besides:

    dicimus C. Verrem cum multa libidinose fecerit, tum praeterea quadringentiens sestertium ex Sicilia abstulisse,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56.
    II.
    Tum as correlative of dependent clauses (freq. in ante - class. writings and Cic., rare in post-Aug. writings).
    A.
    With temporal clauses, introduced by cum, = at the time when, at a time when.
    1.
    Referring to definite past time.
    a.
    Tum as antecedent of cum:

    jam tum cum primum jussit me ad se arcessier, Roget quis, Quid tibi cum illa?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 4; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 21:

    qui (Hercules) tum dolore frangebatur cum immortalitatem ipsa morte quaerebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20:

    bene apud majores nostros senatus tum cum florebat imperium decrevit ut, etc.,

    id. Div. 1, 41, 91; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114; id. Div. 1, 17, 30; id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; id. Clu. 33, 89; id. Verr. 1, 2, 5; id. Brut. 2, 7; 23, 89; id. Off. 3, 27, 100; id. Agr. 2, 24, 64; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; 3, 4, 11:

    tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret,

    Liv. 45, 3, 7:

    tum cum Vipereos sparsi... dentes,

    Ov. M. 4, 572; id. H. 3, 23; Val. Max. 6, 1, 12.—After pluperf.:

    nam tum cum in Asia res magnas permulti amiserant scimus Romae solutione impedita fidem concidisse,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; Val. Max. 3, 6, 1; 2, 8, 15 fin. —Tum inserted in the temporal clause:

    cum Davo egomet vidi jurgantem ancillam... quom ibi me adesse neuter tum praesenserat,

    Ter. And. 5, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Tum, introducing the apodosis of the temporal clause (generally not transl. in Engl.).
    (α).
    Of coincident events, cum... tum = while: quom genui tum morituros scivi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. Rel. v. 361 Vahl.); Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 18:

    cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 6; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Cael. 26, 63; id. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

    cum pavida mulier nullam opem videret, tum Tarquinius fateri amorem, orare, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 58, 3; 5, 11, 4. —
    (β).
    Tum = deinde, usu. after a pluperf.:

    id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72; id. Brut. 92, 319; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; 2, 3, 15; id. Fin. 1, 8, 26; id. Tusc. 4, 20, 45; id. Div. 1, 25, 53; 2, 2, 7; id. Rep. 2, 25, 47; Liv. 21, 11, 8; cf. id. 1, 26, 7; 23, 22, 4.—Inserted in the apodosis:

    cum jam humanae opes egestae a Veis essent, amoliri tum deum dona,

    Liv. 5, 22, 3.—
    2.
    Referring to definite present time:

    quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis. Cum enim miserum esse dicis, tum eum qui non sit, dicis esse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent of the clause, = at the time when, at a time when, whenever: hominum inmortalis est infamia;

    etiam tum vivit quom esse credas mortuam,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28; id. As. 1, 3, 55; id. Merc. 3, 2, 7; Cato, R. R. 31:

    nec sibi enim quisquam tum se vitamque requirit Cum pariter mens et corpus sopita quiescunt,

    Lucr. 3, 919; 4, 444; 4, 455;

    4, 1166: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adjungitur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. N. D. 2, 3, 9: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, Ov. H. 5, 109; Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44; 2, 27, 88; id. Fin. 4, 8, 20; id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20; 5, 26, 73; id. N. D. 1, 4, 9; id. Off. 1, 27, 93.—Tum maxime... cum plurimum = eo magis quo magis:

    eam (partem animi) tum maxime vigere cum plurimum absit a corpore,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 70; so, cum maxime... tum maxime; v. b. a foll.—
    b.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    As coincident:

    quom amamus, tum perimus,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 94:

    ulmus, cum folia cadunt, tum iterum tempestiva est,

    Cato, R. R. 17; so id. ib. 155 (156):

    cum ea quae quasi involuta fuerunt, aperti sunt, tum inventa dicuntur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26; id. Fin. 5, 10, 29; 1, 17, 57; id. N. D. 2, 52, 129; 1, 19, 49; id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 15.—Cum maxime... tum maxime = quo magis eo magis:

    nam quom pugnabant maxume, ego tum fugiebam maxume,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 45:

    quamobrem omnes, cum secundae res sunt maxume, tum maxume Meditari secum oportet, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 30 poet. —
    (β).
    As subsequent:

    ad legionem quom itum, adminiculum eis danunt tum jam aliquem cognatum suum,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 47:

    eo cum accessit ratio argumentique conclusio... tum et perceptio eorum omnium apparet,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; 2, 41, 128; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24; 1, 20, 69; 5, 15, 41; id. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 1, 24, 58; 3, 2, 3; id. N. D. 2, 48, 123; id. Div. 2, 19, 44.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    Tum as antecedent of cum:

    quom mi haec dicentur dicta, tum tu, furcifer, quasi mus in medio pariete vorsabere,

    Plaut. Cas. 1, 51; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 20:

    non committam ut tum haec res judicetur cum haec frequentia Roma discesserit,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54; id. Agr. 2, 17, 44; 2, 25, 67; id. Fin. 4, 22, 62; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Liv. 23, 13, 4; 41, 10, 7; Ov. M. 2, 651; id. H. 15, 293; Nep. Them. 6, 5.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 37; 4, 6, 30:

    de quo cum perpauca dixero, tum ad jus civile veniam,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34; id. Clu. 2, 6; 4, 9; Liv. 3, 56, 10.—
    B.
    With temporal clause, introduced by ubi.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    vitem novellam resecare tum erit tempus ubi valebit,

    Cato, R. R. 33:

    tum tu igitur demum id adulescenti aurum dabis, ubi erit locata virgo in matrimonium?

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time (tum always = deinde):

    ubi eorum dolorem majorem quam ceterorum cognovi, tum meum animum in illos, tum mei consilii causam proposui, tum eos hortatus sum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; Sall. J. 94, 3:

    ubi illuxit, et Romanis Punica et Gallica arma cognita, tum dubitationem exemere,

    Liv. 25, 10, 5; 1, 9, 10; 4, 57, 3; 9, 43, 16; 21, 25, 12; 23, 11, 4.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time:

    post ubi tempust promissa jam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: Cato, R. R. 3 init.; 17:

    ubi jam morbi se flexit causa... Tum quasi vaccillans primum consurgit,

    Lucr. 3, 503; 6, 129; 6, 526.—
    (γ).
    Referring to future time:

    otium ubi erit, tum tibi operam ludo et deliciae dabo,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 13; id. Stich. 4, 2, 14:

    ubi tu voles, Ubi tempus erit, sat habet si tum recipitur,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 32; Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 18; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 72; id. Pers. 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 3, 2, 27:

    ut ubi id interrogando argumentis firmavero, tum testes ad crimen accommodem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:

    ubi haerere jam aciem videris, tum terrorem equestrem infer,

    Liv. 6, 12, 10; 22, 55, 8.—
    C.
    With a temporal clause introduced by postquam.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    Flaminius qui ne quieto quidem hoste ipse quieturus erat, tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 3, 7; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 (v. infra, III. A. 2. a. b).—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis (always = deinde).
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time:

    posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 100; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40 (al. tunc):

    postquam satis virium collectum videbat, tum ex suis unum sciscitatum Romam ad patrem misit,

    Liv. 1, 54, 5; 3, 66, 5; 6, 13, 4; 22, 48, 4; 25, 10, 6; Gell. 5, 3, 6.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time: postquam vero commoditas quaedam... dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum ingenio freta malitia pervertere urbes adsuevit, Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 3.—
    D.
    With a temporal clause introduced by ut.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    tum vero ingentem gemitum dat Ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici... conspexit,

    Verg. A. 1, 485; cf. id. ib. 12, 218.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of definite past time:

    nam ut dudum adcurrimus ad Alcesimarchum... tum mi, puto, prae timore hic excidisse Cistellam,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 46:

    sed ut intellectum est quantam vim haberet accurata... oratio, tum etiam magistri dicendi multi subito exstiterunt,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. Phil. 9, 4, 9; Liv. 24, 44, 10; id. 21, 54, 9; 23, 34, 6.—
    (β).
    Referring to future time:

    neque ut quaeque res delata ad nos erit, tum denique scrutari locos debemus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 146:

    traditum esse ut quando aqua Albana abundasset, tum, si eam Romanus rite emisisset, victoriam de Vejentibus dari (= si quando),

    Liv. 5, 15, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    E.
    With a temporal clause introduced by quando.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause.
    (α).
    Of definite past time:

    auctoritatem senatus exstare sentio, tum, quando Alexandro mortuo, legatos Tyrum misimus,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 41.—
    (β).
    Of future time:

    at scire tum memento quando id quod voles habebis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 41; id. Mil. 3, 1, 213; id. Most. 3, 1, 136; id. Men. 5, 7, 57:

    utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of indefinite time (quando = whenever):

    quando esurio tum crepant (intestina),

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; id. Truc. 1, 1, 15; id. Ps. 4, 7, 85:

    quando mulier dotem marito dabat, tum quae ex suis bonis retinebat reciperare dicebatur,

    Gell. 17, 6, 6; 7 (6), 14, 4.—
    (β).
    Of future time:

    at tu, quando habebis, tum dato,

    Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 23:

    quando ab eadem parte sol eodemque tempore iterum defecerit, tum signis omnibus ad principium revocatis, expletum annum habeto,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    quando mihi usus venerit, tum quaeram ex te atque discam,

    Gell. 6 (7), 17, 4.—
    F.
    In the apodosis after simul ac:

    an simul ac nubes successere, ipse in eas tum Descendit (Juppiter), prope ut hinc teli determinet ictus?

    Lucr. 6, 402.—
    G.
    With a temporal clause introduced by dum.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent:

    sanctius visum est nomen Augusti, ut scilicet jam tum dum colit terras, ipso numine ac titulo consecretur,

    Flor. 2, 33, 66 (4, 12, 66).—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    dum habeat, tum amet,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 23:

    dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit,

    Verg. A. 9, 540.—
    H.
    As antecedent of quamdiu:

    qui cum tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quamdiu tecum in provincia fuerit, verum etiam nunc sit cum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 24, § 58.—
    K.
    Denoting a logical consequence after quando and cum:

    quando ergo erga te benignus fui... tum te mihi benigne itidem addecet... referre gratiam,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 35:

    cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo nefarius in eorum locum... substituere coepit cives Romanos,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72.—
    L.
    After relative clauses denoting time: qua tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis junxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis jam fere ad pariendum mensibus, Poet. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 219 (Trag. Rel. p. 246 Rib.).—
    M.
    With conditional clauses.
    1.
    With a conditional clause introduced by si, sin, ni (not nisi).
    (α).
    Tum as antecedent of clause:

    tum pol ego interii, homo si ille abiit,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 6; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 40:

    si tenuis causa est, tum etiam argumentandi tenue filum,

    Cic. Or. 36, 124; id. Rep. 1, 40, 62; 2, 9, 15; id. Fin. 1, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 13; id. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:

    tum vero ego nequiquam Capitolium servaverim si civem in servitutem duci videam,

    Liv. 6, 14, 4; 3, 9, 11; 6, 14, 4; 7, 34, 14; Cato ap. Plin. 29, 1, 7, § 14; Gell. 2, 12, 1 sq.; 4, 13, 1; 14, 2, 21.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    si triduum hoc hic erimus, tum arbores in te cadent,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 30; id. Rud. 5, 2, 59; 3, 4, 49; id. As. 1, 3, 89; id. Rud. 1, 3, 13; id. Ps. 4, 1, 1; 4, 1, 48 (39); Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 64; 3, 1, 17; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 19; Cato, R. R. 26; cf. id. ib. 27:

    quod si, ut spero, cepero, tum vero litteras publice mittam,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; id. Div. 1, 44, 100; cf. id. Ac. 2, 10, 32; id. Fin. 2, 4, 79; id. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Rep. 1, 43, 66: id. [p. 1911] Rosc. Am. 49, 142:

    si dimicandum erit, tum tu in novissimos te recipito,

    Liv. 7, 40, 13; 8, 10, 12; Hor. S. 1, 2, 97; Ov. M. 7, 32.—

    Esp., denoting the consequences of perjury in ancient formulas of oaths: si ego injuste illos homines dedier mihi exposco, tum patriae compotem me numquam siris esse,

    Liv. 1, 32, 7; 1, 24, 8; 22, 53, 11; hence, quid si falles? Me. Tum Mercurius Sosiae iratus siet, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 239; 3, 2, 52; id. Aul. 4, 10, 50; cf. also Liv. 3, 64, 10.—
    2.
    With a condition contrary to fact.
    (α).
    Tum, antecedent of clause:

    tum esset ostentum, si anguem vectis circumplicavisset,

    Cic. Div. 2, 28, 62; id. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:

    tum id audirem si tibi soli viveres,

    id. Marcell. 8, 25; id. Fin. 4, 13, 33; id. Div. 2, 35, 73.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 56:

    quodsi omnia nobis quae ad victum pertinent. suppeditarentur, tum optimo quisque ingenio, totum se in cognitione et scientia collocaret,

    Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158. —
    N.
    After an abl. absol.
    1.
    With perfect participles (= postquam or cum... tum), mostly with denique, vero, demum.
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time:

    ut morte ejus nuntiata tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur,

    Cic. Mur. 16, 34:

    sed confecto proelio tum vero cerneres quanta vis animi fuisset in exercitu Catilinae,

    Sall. C. 61, 1:

    ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello deque republica dictator rettulit,

    Liv. 22, 11, 1; 2, 29, 1; 2, 29, 3; 3, 56, 1; 5, 50, 8; Plin. 11, 20, 22, § 68.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time:

    hisce omnibus rebus consideratis, tum denique id quod primum est dicendum, postremum soleo cogitare, quo utar exordio,

    Cic. Or. 2, 77, 315.—
    (γ).
    Referring to future time (the abl. absol. = a fut. perf.):

    ita prope XL. diebus interpositis tum denique se responsuros esse arbitrantur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 31; 1, 18, 54; id. Fin. 4, 13, 32; id. Scaur. Fragm. 10, 22.—
    2.
    With pres. participles (post-class.):

    tacentibus cunctis, tum ipse (dixit), etc.,

    Just. 12, 15, 6.
    III.
    Particular connections.
    A.
    With other particles of time.
    1.
    Jam tum, already at that time, i. e. earlier than might be anticipated:

    jam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8; cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 58; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 34:

    quippe etenim jam tum divom mortalia saecla Egregias animo facies vigilante videbant,

    Lucr. 5, 1169; 5, 1037:

    ut mihi jam tum divinasse ille (Romulus) videatur hanc urbem sedem aliquando summo esse imperio praebituram,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 5, 10; 2, 7, 12; id. Div. 2, 57, 118; id. Tusc. 4, 2, 4:

    jam tum in Palatio monte Lupercal hoc fuisse ludicrum ferunt,

    Liv. 1, 5, 1; 1, 7, 16; 1, 41, 7; 10, 21, 14;

    24, 49, 1: ut jam tum qualis futurus esset ostenderet,

    Suet. Dom. 1; Curt. 4, 6, 29.—
    2.
    Tum demum and tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, i. e. later than might be expected, implying delayed action.
    a.
    Tum demum.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    adversisque in rebus noscere qui sit. Nam verae voces tum demum pectore ab imo Eiciuntur,

    Lucr. 3, 58:

    tum demum Liscus, oratione Caesaris adductus, quod antea tacuerat proponit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 5, 33; Sall. J. 46, 1:

    nec ante in campum degressi sunt quam, etc. Tum demum castra Etruscorum pro moenibus Fidenarum posita,

    Liv. 4, 17, 12; 45, 12, 6; 2, 20, 11; 5, 39, 2; 23, 19, 15 et saep.; Val. Max. 1, 6, 10; 1, 7, 4; Curt. 3, 12, 12; Tac. A. 3, 18; 3, 47.—
    (β).
    In partic., referring to clauses introduced by cum, ubi, si, or abl. absol. (v. II. A. B. L. M.), denoting absolute restriction to the terms of the clause:

    imo etiam ubi expolivero, magis hoc tum demum dices,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 60:

    tum demum mihi procax Academia videbitur si aut consenserint omnes, aut, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 13:

    cum is Casilini eo die mansurum dixisset, tum demum cognitus est error,

    Liv. 22, 13, 8; Vell. 2, 115, 4; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 fin.; 7, 2, 4; Curt. 3, 11, 6; Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7.—
    (γ).
    Sometimes = nunc demum (anteclass.): victus es, Chaline. St. Tum nos demum vivere. Olympio. Gaudeo, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 65.—
    b.
    Tum denique.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    tum denique tauros in gregem redigo,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5:

    injecta glaeba tumulus is (locus) ubi humatus est vocatur, ac tum denique multa religiosa jura complectitur,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57; id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; id. Tusc. 3, 26, 61: nequiquam temptati ut tum denique desisterent impediendo bello, Liv. 4, 55, 5; Ov. M. 4, 519; 7, 857; 10, 664.—
    (β).
    Referring to clauses with cum, etc. (v. II. A. B. L. M.):

    tum denique homines nostra intellegimus bona quom quae in potestate habuimus ea amisimus,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 33:

    quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75; 3, 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 4, 10; id. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

    tum denique si,

    id. Fam. 14, 2, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 1:

    indicandum primum fuisse, dein petendum praesidium, postremo ni impetraretur, tum denique querendum,

    Liv. 23, 43, 2; Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126 (for tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9, v. II. D. 2. a).—
    3.
    Tum primum (rarely primo), then for the first time:

    tum genus humanum primum mollescere coepit,

    Lucr. 5, 1014:

    ludorum gratia quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 12; id. Sen. 21, 78; Caes. B. G. 7, 11:

    ponte sublicio tum primum in Tiberi facto,

    Liv. 1, 33, 6; 2, 41, 3; 39, 22, 2; 2, 20, 6; 39, 49, 4; Vell. 2, 37, 5; Tac. A. 2, 27; id. H. 4, 57; Curt. 3, 12, 26. —
    4.
    With deinde, hic, postea, with consecutive force emphatic.
    a.
    Deinde tum (very rare):

    primum ea quae sumus acturi cogitare debemus, deinde tum dicere ac facere,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 6, 62.—
    b.
    Tum deinde.
    (α).
    = tum demum or tum denique, then at length, not till then, then only:

    nonne optime patronus occurrat prius conviciis luxuriae, etc., tum deinde narret de bonis Pallae? etc.,

    Quint. 4, 2, 27; 12, 10, 11:

    emam, aedificabo, credam, exigam, honores geram: tum deinde lassam senectutem in otium referam,

    Sen. Ep. 101, 4; Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251.—So corresp. with cum:

    quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia collegae subrogando habuit,

    Liv. 2, 8, 3 (Weissenb. demum, by conj.); Col. R. R. 1, 6, 13. —
    (β).
    = an emphatic deinde: nam praetermisit quod in prima parte sumere debuit;

    tum deinde eodem ipso quod omiserat quasi proposito ad confirmandum aliud utitur,

    Gell. 2, 8, 3; 13, 24 (23), 1; Just. 2, 1, 19.—
    c.
    With hic:

    hic tum repente Pacilius quidam accedit, ait, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94:

    hic ego tum ad respondendum surrexi,

    id. Clu. 18, 51; 27, 73:

    hic tum injectus est hominibus scrupulus,

    id. ib. 28, 76; id. Sest. 11, 25.—
    d.
    Tum postea:

    tum postea complorantibus nostris, dies quidem tandem inluxit,

    Gell. 19, 1, 3; so id. 14, 3, 10 (for quid tum postea, v. D. 1.).—
    5.
    With interim:

    unum, alterum, tertium annum Sassia quiescebat... Tum interim, Q. Hortensio, Q. Metello coss.... despondet ei filiam suam,

    Cic. Clu. 64, 179.—
    B.
    With particles of emphasis.
    1.
    Tum vero (sometimes tum enimvero or enimvero tum), then indeed, at that crisis, then if not before, etc., or merely = emphatic then, denoting either coincidence or sequence of action.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    discedit a Melino Cluentia. Tum vero illa egregia mater palam exsultare... coepit,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 14; 22, 61; id. Agr. 1, 1, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

    semper equidem magno cum metu incipio dicere... tum vero ita sum perturbatus ut, etc.,

    id. Clu. 18, 51:

    tum vero dubitandum non existimavit quin ad eos proficisceretur,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 5, 37; id. B. C. 1, 82; 2, 42:

    Aruns Tarquinius et Tullia minor... junguntur nuptiis. Tum vero in dies infestior Tulli senectus... coepit esse,

    Liv. 1, 47, 1; 2, 22, 6; 4, 49, 13; 10, 19, 12; 21, 45, 9; 21, 58, 5; Ov. M. 2, 227; 7, 685; Curt. 4, 13, 1; 3, 11, 5; Tac. Agr. 37.—And in enumerations:

    deinde... post autem... tum vero ipsam veterem Karthaginem vendunt,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 5.—
    (β).
    As correlative of temporal or conditional clauses, and after abl. absol.:

    quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, senatui metum injecit ne tum vero sustineri nec in urbe seditio, nec in castris posset,

    Liv. 5, 7, 4; Sall. J. 94, 3:

    tum vero... si,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 63; Liv. 6, 14, 4 (v. II. M. 1. a, b).—With cum, Liv. 32, 12, 1:

    quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... vidit, Tum vero gemitus... Edidit,

    Ov. M. 2, 621; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40; v. C. 1. b. (so, tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9; v. II. D. 2. and M. 1.).—
    2.
    Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least (usu. opposed to a later time): dixit sibi in somnis visum esse, etc. Et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem devovit se, etc., Cic. Div. 1, 24, 51; so,

    actum quidem,

    id. Fl. 25, 59; id. Lael. 11, 39:

    et tum quidem ab Dio Perseus in interiora regni recepit se... post dies paucos, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 39, 1; 1, 57, 10; 3, 2, 10;

    7, 17, 3.—Often in resuming the narrative after a digression: ac tum quidem regem... filium appellat,

    Curt. 4, 7, 25.—Merely emphatic:

    Duillio Cornelioque coss. etiam mari congredi ausus est. Tum quidem ipsa velocitas classis comparatae victoriae auspicium fuit,

    Flor. 1, 18 (2, 2), 7; so id. 1, 22 (2, 6), 20; 1, 40 (3, 5), 12.—With cum, Tac. Dial. 11.—
    3.
    Ne tum quidem, not even then:

    num quis horum miser hodie? Ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; id. Div. 1, 26, 55; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98:

    ubi ne tum quidem eos prodire intellexit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 50; 7, 53; Tac. H. 5, 21; Curt. 3, 2, 18.—With cum:

    ille vere ne tum quidem miser cum ab Oroete in crucem actus est,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92; so id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59; Liv. praef. 12; 39, 39, 11.—
    4.
    Tum maxime (sometimes tum cummaxime).
    (α).
    Especially at that time, chiefly then: illi sumposia, nos convivia quod tum maxime simul vivitur, Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 35; id. Leg. 2, 11, 26.—With cum:

    quae quidem vis tum maxime cognita est cum... M. Cato, legem suadens, in Galbam multa dixit,

    Cic. Brut. 23, 89; id. Sest. 21, 47; id. Par. 4, 1, 29.—
    (β).
    Just then, just at that moment (not ante-Aug.):

    regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti,

    Liv. 43, 20, 3; 1, 10, 1:

    per totam aciem vulgatum est, castra amissa esse, et tum cummaxime ardere,

    id. 40, 32, 1; so,

    tum cummaxime,

    id. 43, 7, 8:

    corpus enim suum a caupone trucidatum tum maxime plaustro ad portam ferri,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, ext. 10; 2, 10, 2; 3, 2, 2 fin.; Curt. 3, 4, 14; 6, 6, 10; Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154; Quint. 2, 15, 30; 2, 61, 31; Suet. Caes. 65; id. Calig. 53.—So with cum:

    et quod tum maxime Abydum oppugnaret cum rex ab Attalo et Rhodiis ultro se bello lacessitum diceret,

    Liv. 31, 18, 2; Sen. Ira, 1, 15, 2.—
    (γ).
    Strengthening the co-ordinate tum after cum, so especially; v. I. C. 3. e. b (for cum maxime... tum maxime and tum maxime... cum plurimum, v. II. A. 3. a. b.).—
    5.
    Tum potissimum = tum maxime, just then (rare):

    C. Caesar... tum potissimum acie commissa impeditos religione hostes vicit,

    Front. Strat. 2, 1, 16.—
    6.
    Etiam tum.
    (α).
    Even then:

    etiam tum vivit cum esse credas mortuam,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28:

    totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit,

    even then, at so late a time, Cic. Sest. 62, 130:

    etiam tum cum verisimile erit,

    id. Rosc. Am. 20, 57.— So with cum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; id. Dom. 13, 23; id. Sest. 38, 81.—
    (β).
    Still, as yet (also as one word; cf. etiamtum, and v. the foll. additional passages), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 19, § 41; id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Rep. 2, 12, 24; id. Arch. 3, 5; id. de Or. 2, 3, 12; id. Brut. 20, 80; id. Off. 2, 14, 47; Caes. B. C. 3, 93; Liv. 5, 40, 10; Val. Max. 9, 6, 3; Tac. A. 3, 72; Suet. Claud. 27 fin.; id. Dom. 22.—

    And with a negation, = nondum: ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos,

    not yet long, Ov. H. 8, 79.—
    7.
    Tum etiam.
    (α).
    Followed by si or cum, even if, even when:

    atque equidem filium Tum etiam si nolit, cogam,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 65:

    qui tum etiam cum... circumfusi erant caligine,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45.—
    (β).
    Then also, then too, besides:

    tum etiam illud cogitatote, sic vivere Cornelium ut, etc.,

    Cic. Balb. 28, 65; id. N. D. 1, 16, 43; so id. Leg. 1, 13, 35; id. Fin. 2, 16, 53; Col. 12 praef.—
    8.
    Tum quoque.
    (α).
    Also then, then likewise, then as before, then as on another occasion mentioned before: ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum;

    nam tum quoque lumen Exsilit,

    Lucr. 6, 162:

    tum quoque homini plus tribui quam nescio cui necessitati,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 11, 28:

    tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis,

    Liv. 1, 33, 5; 2, 52, 2; 21, 22, 4; Caes. B. C. 3, 37; Ov. M. 14, 369.—
    (β).
    Even then, = etiam tum (rare):

    et tamen tum quoque se absentes triumphare credunt,

    Liv. 45, 38, 13; 39, 41, 3; 39, 47, 11; Ov. H. 17 (18), 190.—
    (γ).
    In orat. obliq. (v. I. A. 2.), even now:

    quod si Romani tum quoque aequa aspernarentur,

    Liv. 42, 62, 7. —
    (δ).
    = sic quoque, even under the circumstances, even as it was, etc. (v. sic, V. 3.): ut si effugium patuisset in publicum, impleturae urbem tumultu fuerint. Tum quoque [p. 1912] aliquotiens integro corpore evaserunt, Liv. 24, 26, 13; 40, 16, 6; 43, 4, 1;

    9, 13, 9: tum quoque, amputata dextra, navem sinistra comprehendit,

    Just. 2, 9, 18.—
    9.
    Tum ipsum = eo ipso tempore, at the very time, just then, even then (only in Cic. in four passages; cf.:

    nunc ipsum): tota igitur ratio talium largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum... moderanda est,

    Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:

    quem quidem cum sua voluntate ex patria Karthaginem revertisset, tum ipsum cum vigiliis et fame cruciaretur, clamat virtus beatiorem fuisse quam Thorium,

    id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv. ad loc.:

    tum ipsum cum immolare velis extorum fieri mutatio potest,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 118:

    ita (oratores), non injuria, quotienscunque dicerent, id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

    id. Or. 1, 27, 123.—
    C.
    Tum with co-ordinating particles.
    1.
    Tum autem.
    (α).
    = praeterea, and then, besides (v. I. C. 1.): turpilucricupidum te vocant cives tui;

    tum autem sunt alii qui te volturium vocant,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 64:

    oves scabrae sunt... Tum autem Surorum nemo exstat qui ibi sex menses vixerit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 141; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 4, 2, 3; id. Poen. 5, 5, 34; 5, 7, 22; Ter. And. 1, 5, 34; id. Eun. 5, 9, 7; id. Hec. 2, 1, 14; 3, 2, 10:

    tum autem qui non ipso honesto movemur... callidi sumus, non boni,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 41; id. Or. 1, 58, 247; 2, 19, 80.—
    (β).
    = tum... tum:

    visne igitur inter hos populos inambulantes, tum autem residentes quaeramus eisdem de rebus?

    Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15.—
    (γ).
    = eo tempore, with autem as connective:

    tum illic autem Lemnius... uxorem duxit, etc.,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 25:

    tum autem ex omnibus montibus nives proluit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 48.—
    (δ).
    But in this instance:

    uxori emunda ancilla'st: tum autem pluscula Supellectile opus est,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 60; 5, 7, 25 sq.—
    2.
    For tum etiam, v. B. 7. b.—
    3.
    Tum praeterea:

    nam tui similis est probe. Tum praeterea talem, nisi tu, nulla pareret filium,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 20; so id. Ad. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33; Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56 (v. I. C. 3. e. l).—
    4.
    Tum porro:

    tum porro venti magnam quoque tollere partem Umoris possunt,

    Lucr. 6, 623; 4, 829 (827).—
    D.
    Quid tum?
    1.
    In dialogue, what then? what next? what further? novi ego hos pugnos meos. Ca. Quid tum? Th. Quid tum? Rogitas? Hisce ego, si tu me inritaveris, placidum te hodie reddam, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 49; so id. As. 2, 2, 83; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47; 3, 5, 66; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 8.—And strengthened:

    quid tum postea?

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; id. As. 2, 2, 68; 2, 2, 79; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 78; 4, 2, 9; 4, 7, 23; id. Ad. 4, 5, 15; id. Hec. 4, 1, 36: videsne abundare me otio? A. Quid tum? Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 26.—
    2.
    In imitation of a dialogue:

    at mulctantur bonis exsules. Quid tum? Parumne multa de toleranda paupertate dicuntur?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107; so id. Quint. 22, 72; 27, 84; id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 132; id. Dom. 47, 123; id. Dejot. 7, 22; id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; Hor. S. 2, 3, 230.—
    3.
    As emphatic co-ordinative in quoting the different items of a document, law, etc.: quive in senatu sententiam dixit, dixerit. Quid tum? Qui eorum coiit, coierit, etc., what next? i. e. and then, listen! Cic. Clu. 54, 148; so id. Agr. 1, 5, 16; 3, 3, 11; id. Mur. 12, 26; id. Fl. 23, 55.—
    E.
    Tum temporis = eo tempore (post class. and rare; cf.:

    tunc temporis): postera die civitas principem suum, ac tum temporis consulem in foro expectabat,

    Just. 31, 2, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tum

  • 7 tanti

    tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].
    I.
    Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.
    1.
    With [p. 1841] quantus:

    nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

    quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

    est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

    tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

    quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

    Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—
    2.
    With ut.
    a.
    Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

    tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B G 4, 17:

    non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

    unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

    quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

    Curt. 4, 10, 29:

    quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

    id. 6, 7, 30.—
    b.
    Denoting comparison:

    tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—
    3.
    With rel. qui, etc.:

    cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

    statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

    id. Sull. 2, 7:

    nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

    id. Marcell. 3, 8.—
    4.
    Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

    tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

    id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

    qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

    neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

    tantilla tanta verba funditat,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

    ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

    onus,

    id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

    non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

    id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

    qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

    tot tantaque vitia,

    id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

    quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

    id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

    conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

    id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    tanta ista mala,

    Sall. C. 40, 2;

    Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

    Verg. G. 2, 154:

    tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

    id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

    sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

    six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

    sexcenta tanta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

    tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

    three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

    jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

    such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

    si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

    Lact. 1, 3, 21.—
    5.
    With quam:

    maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

    tantus ille ventorum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—
    6.
    Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

    cur tanto opere extimueras?

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

    si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

    mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—
    B.
    Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

    tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

    Val. Fl. 5, 636:

    lamentabile tantis urbibus,

    Stat. Th. 11, 160:

    legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

    Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

    numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

    Luc. 7, 834. —
    C.
    Neutr. absol.
    1.
    tantum, so much, so many:

    habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

    iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

    Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

    cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

    Liv. 4, 57, 1:

    sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

    tantum hostium intra muros est,

    Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

    sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

    etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

    tantum... dum,

    Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

    tantum modo... dum,

    Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

    vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

    Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—
    2.
    Gen. (of price) tanti:

    tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

    tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

    it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

    frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

    ubi me dixero dare tanti,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

    graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

    in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —
    b.
    Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

    tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

    hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

    sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

    etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

    id. Mil. 22, 58:

    juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

    cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

    Quint. 12, 8, 4:

    sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

    Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—
    3.
    Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

    quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

    quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

    id. B. C. 1, 81:

    tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

    Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

    reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

    tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

    bis tanto pluris,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

    ter tanto pejor,

    id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

    multo tanto miserior,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

    si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    post tanto,

    Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

    tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

    doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

    tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

    Cat. 49, 6.—
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

    so too: tanto melior,

    Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

    tanto hercle melior,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

    tanto major! tanto augustior!

    how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

    tanto nequior!

    so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

    tanto miserior,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—
    4.
    In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

    danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

    quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

    in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

    Liv. 22, 27.
    II.
    Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

    ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

    praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

    tantum navium,

    id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.
    A.
    So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

    tantum, quantum quis fuge,

    as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

    de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

    id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

    so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

    rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1:

    tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

    Liv. 37, 39, 6:

    tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

    so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

    tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

    ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

    nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

    Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

    nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

    Verg. G. 4, 101:

    juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

    tantum dissimilis,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

    Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

    Vell. 2, 11, 1.—
    B.
    (Acc. to tantus, II.; and therefore, prop., only so much, so little; hence) Only, alone, merely, but:

    tantum monet, quantum intellegit,

    only so much, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 44:

    tantum in latitudinem patebat, quantum loci acies instructa occupare poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

    quod haec tantum, quantum sensu movetur...se accommodat, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:

    Socratem tantum de vitā et de moribus solitum esse quaerere,

    id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

    nomen tantum virtutis usurpas,

    id. Par. 2, 17:

    dixit tantum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit,

    id. Fl. 15, 34:

    notus mihi nomine tantum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 3:

    apte dicere non elocutionis tantum genere constat, sed, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 7; so,

    non tantum... sed,

    id. 9, 3, 28:

    nec tantum... sed (etiam),

    id. 3, 8, 33; 9, 3, 78; 11, 2, 5.—So with unus (mostly post-Aug.;

    once in Cic.): excepit unum tantum: scire se nihil se scire, nihil amplius,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

    unum flumen tantum intererat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    unum defuisse tantum superbiae,

    Liv. 6, 16, 5; 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; Just. 8, 5, 5; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120.—
    b.
    Strengthened by modo, and also joined with it in one word, tantummŏdo (freq. and class.;

    whereas solummodo is only post-Aug., v. h. v.): homines populariter annum tantummodo solis, id est unius astri reditu metiuntur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    ut tantummodo per stirpes alantur suas,

    id. N. D. 2, 32, 81:

    cum tantummodo potestatem gustandi feceris,

    id. Rep. 2, 28, 51:

    omnis ea judicatio versatur tantummodo in nomine,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 6:

    pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare (ut possent),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 62:

    velis tantummodo,

    you have only to wish it, Hor. S. 1, 9, 54:

    unum hoc tantummodo, neque praeterea quicquam, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11 et saep.:

    neque eum oratorem tantummodo, sed hominem non putant,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

    neque e silvis tantummodo promota castra, sed etiam... in campos delata acies,

    Liv. 9, 37, 2:

    Cn. Scipionem misit non ad tuendos tantummodo veteres socios, sed etiam ad pellendum Hispaniā Hasdrubalem,

    id. 21, 32, 4; so,

    non tantummodo... sed etiam,

    Sen. Polyb. 15, 3; id. Ot. Sap. 3, 5; 5, 4; Front. Ep. ad Verr. p. 124:

    non tantummodo... sed... quoque,

    Vell. 2, 110, 5:

    non tantummodo... verum etiam,

    Aug. Ep. 162, 1; id. Grat. Christ. 14: non... tantum, with ellips. of sed, not only (but much more), Ov. Am. 1, 4, 63; cf.:

    rem atrocem nec tantum epistulā dignam,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 14; Juv. 1, 131.—
    2.
    Particular phrases.
    a.
    Tantum non, analog. to the Gr. monon ouk, to [p. 1842] point out an action as only not, i. e. very nearly, completed, almost, all but, very nearly (perh. not ante-Aug.; in Cic. Att. 14, 5, 2, Baiter reads tantummodo):

    cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non jam injunctae moenibus essent,

    Liv. 5, 7, 2:

    tantum non jam captam Lacedaemonem esse,

    id. 34, 40, 5:

    tantum non ad portam bellum esse,

    id. 25, 15, 1:

    videt Romanos tantum non jam circumveniri a dextro cornu,

    id. 37, 29, 9:

    cum hostes tantum non arcessierint,

    id. 4, 2, 12 Drak.:

    tantum non adversis tempestatibus Rhodum enavigavit,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    tantum non statim a funere,

    id. ib. 52:

    tantum non summam malorum suorum professus est,

    id. ib. 66:

    tantum non in ipso ejus consulatu,

    id. Dom. 15 et saep.—But in many cases non belongs to the verb, and not to tantum:

    tantum non cunctandum neque cessandum esse,

    only there must be no delay, Liv. 35, 18, 8:

    dictator bello ita gesto, ut tantum non defuisse fortunae videretur,

    id. 4, 57, 8 Drak.; cf.:

    ut qui per haec vicit, tantum non defuisse sibi advocatum sciat,

    Quint. 6, 2, 4.—
    b.
    Tantum quod, denoting immediate nearness in point of time, only, just, but just, just then, hardly, scarcely (class.):

    tantum quod ex Arpinati veneram, cum mihi a te litterae redditae sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

    tantum quod ultimam imposuerat Pannonico bello Caesar manum, cum, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 117, 1:

    haec cum scriberem, tantum quod existimabam ad te orationem esse perlatam,

    Cic. Att. 15, 13, 7:

    navis Alexandrina, quae tantum quod appulerat,

    Suet. Aug. 98:

    natus est XVIII. Cal. Jan. tantum quod oriente sole,

    id. Ner. 6:

    tantum quod pueritiam egresso,

    id. Aug. 63:

    dentem tantum quod exemptum,

    id. Vesp. 5 (but in Liv. 22, 2, 9; 33, 4, 6; Amm. 27, 5, 4, the quod belongs not to tantum, but to the following verb):

    tantum alone = tantum quod,

    Verg. E. 6, 16. —
    c.
    Tantum quod non, only that not, nothing is wanting but:

    tantum quod hominem non nominat: causam quidem totam perscribit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tanti

  • 8 tanto

    tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].
    I.
    Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.
    1.
    With [p. 1841] quantus:

    nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

    quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

    est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

    tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

    quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

    Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—
    2.
    With ut.
    a.
    Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

    tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B G 4, 17:

    non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

    unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

    quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

    Curt. 4, 10, 29:

    quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

    id. 6, 7, 30.—
    b.
    Denoting comparison:

    tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—
    3.
    With rel. qui, etc.:

    cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

    statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

    id. Sull. 2, 7:

    nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

    id. Marcell. 3, 8.—
    4.
    Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

    tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

    id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

    qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

    neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

    tantilla tanta verba funditat,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

    ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

    onus,

    id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

    non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

    id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

    qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

    tot tantaque vitia,

    id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

    quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

    id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

    conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

    id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    tanta ista mala,

    Sall. C. 40, 2;

    Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

    Verg. G. 2, 154:

    tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

    id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

    sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

    six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

    sexcenta tanta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

    tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

    three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

    jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

    such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

    si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

    Lact. 1, 3, 21.—
    5.
    With quam:

    maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

    tantus ille ventorum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—
    6.
    Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

    cur tanto opere extimueras?

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

    si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

    mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—
    B.
    Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

    tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

    Val. Fl. 5, 636:

    lamentabile tantis urbibus,

    Stat. Th. 11, 160:

    legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

    Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

    numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

    Luc. 7, 834. —
    C.
    Neutr. absol.
    1.
    tantum, so much, so many:

    habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

    iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

    Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

    cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

    Liv. 4, 57, 1:

    sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

    tantum hostium intra muros est,

    Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

    sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

    etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

    tantum... dum,

    Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

    tantum modo... dum,

    Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

    vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

    Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—
    2.
    Gen. (of price) tanti:

    tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

    tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

    it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

    frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

    ubi me dixero dare tanti,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

    graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

    in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —
    b.
    Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

    tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

    hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

    sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

    etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

    id. Mil. 22, 58:

    juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

    cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

    Quint. 12, 8, 4:

    sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

    Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—
    3.
    Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

    quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

    quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

    id. B. C. 1, 81:

    tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

    Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

    reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

    tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

    bis tanto pluris,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

    ter tanto pejor,

    id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

    multo tanto miserior,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

    si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    post tanto,

    Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

    tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

    doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

    tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

    Cat. 49, 6.—
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

    so too: tanto melior,

    Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

    tanto hercle melior,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

    tanto major! tanto augustior!

    how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

    tanto nequior!

    so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

    tanto miserior,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—
    4.
    In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

    danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

    quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

    in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

    Liv. 22, 27.
    II.
    Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

    ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

    praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

    tantum navium,

    id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.
    A.
    So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

    tantum, quantum quis fuge,

    as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

    de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

    id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

    so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

    rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1:

    tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

    Liv. 37, 39, 6:

    tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

    so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

    tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

    ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

    nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

    Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

    nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

    Verg. G. 4, 101:

    juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

    tantum dissimilis,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

    Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

    Vell. 2, 11, 1.—
    B.
    (Acc. to tantus, II.; and therefore, prop., only so much, so little; hence) Only, alone, merely, but:

    tantum monet, quantum intellegit,

    only so much, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 44:

    tantum in latitudinem patebat, quantum loci acies instructa occupare poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

    quod haec tantum, quantum sensu movetur...se accommodat, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:

    Socratem tantum de vitā et de moribus solitum esse quaerere,

    id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

    nomen tantum virtutis usurpas,

    id. Par. 2, 17:

    dixit tantum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit,

    id. Fl. 15, 34:

    notus mihi nomine tantum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 3:

    apte dicere non elocutionis tantum genere constat, sed, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 7; so,

    non tantum... sed,

    id. 9, 3, 28:

    nec tantum... sed (etiam),

    id. 3, 8, 33; 9, 3, 78; 11, 2, 5.—So with unus (mostly post-Aug.;

    once in Cic.): excepit unum tantum: scire se nihil se scire, nihil amplius,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

    unum flumen tantum intererat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    unum defuisse tantum superbiae,

    Liv. 6, 16, 5; 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; Just. 8, 5, 5; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120.—
    b.
    Strengthened by modo, and also joined with it in one word, tantummŏdo (freq. and class.;

    whereas solummodo is only post-Aug., v. h. v.): homines populariter annum tantummodo solis, id est unius astri reditu metiuntur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    ut tantummodo per stirpes alantur suas,

    id. N. D. 2, 32, 81:

    cum tantummodo potestatem gustandi feceris,

    id. Rep. 2, 28, 51:

    omnis ea judicatio versatur tantummodo in nomine,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 6:

    pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare (ut possent),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 62:

    velis tantummodo,

    you have only to wish it, Hor. S. 1, 9, 54:

    unum hoc tantummodo, neque praeterea quicquam, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11 et saep.:

    neque eum oratorem tantummodo, sed hominem non putant,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

    neque e silvis tantummodo promota castra, sed etiam... in campos delata acies,

    Liv. 9, 37, 2:

    Cn. Scipionem misit non ad tuendos tantummodo veteres socios, sed etiam ad pellendum Hispaniā Hasdrubalem,

    id. 21, 32, 4; so,

    non tantummodo... sed etiam,

    Sen. Polyb. 15, 3; id. Ot. Sap. 3, 5; 5, 4; Front. Ep. ad Verr. p. 124:

    non tantummodo... sed... quoque,

    Vell. 2, 110, 5:

    non tantummodo... verum etiam,

    Aug. Ep. 162, 1; id. Grat. Christ. 14: non... tantum, with ellips. of sed, not only (but much more), Ov. Am. 1, 4, 63; cf.:

    rem atrocem nec tantum epistulā dignam,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 14; Juv. 1, 131.—
    2.
    Particular phrases.
    a.
    Tantum non, analog. to the Gr. monon ouk, to [p. 1842] point out an action as only not, i. e. very nearly, completed, almost, all but, very nearly (perh. not ante-Aug.; in Cic. Att. 14, 5, 2, Baiter reads tantummodo):

    cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non jam injunctae moenibus essent,

    Liv. 5, 7, 2:

    tantum non jam captam Lacedaemonem esse,

    id. 34, 40, 5:

    tantum non ad portam bellum esse,

    id. 25, 15, 1:

    videt Romanos tantum non jam circumveniri a dextro cornu,

    id. 37, 29, 9:

    cum hostes tantum non arcessierint,

    id. 4, 2, 12 Drak.:

    tantum non adversis tempestatibus Rhodum enavigavit,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    tantum non statim a funere,

    id. ib. 52:

    tantum non summam malorum suorum professus est,

    id. ib. 66:

    tantum non in ipso ejus consulatu,

    id. Dom. 15 et saep.—But in many cases non belongs to the verb, and not to tantum:

    tantum non cunctandum neque cessandum esse,

    only there must be no delay, Liv. 35, 18, 8:

    dictator bello ita gesto, ut tantum non defuisse fortunae videretur,

    id. 4, 57, 8 Drak.; cf.:

    ut qui per haec vicit, tantum non defuisse sibi advocatum sciat,

    Quint. 6, 2, 4.—
    b.
    Tantum quod, denoting immediate nearness in point of time, only, just, but just, just then, hardly, scarcely (class.):

    tantum quod ex Arpinati veneram, cum mihi a te litterae redditae sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

    tantum quod ultimam imposuerat Pannonico bello Caesar manum, cum, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 117, 1:

    haec cum scriberem, tantum quod existimabam ad te orationem esse perlatam,

    Cic. Att. 15, 13, 7:

    navis Alexandrina, quae tantum quod appulerat,

    Suet. Aug. 98:

    natus est XVIII. Cal. Jan. tantum quod oriente sole,

    id. Ner. 6:

    tantum quod pueritiam egresso,

    id. Aug. 63:

    dentem tantum quod exemptum,

    id. Vesp. 5 (but in Liv. 22, 2, 9; 33, 4, 6; Amm. 27, 5, 4, the quod belongs not to tantum, but to the following verb):

    tantum alone = tantum quod,

    Verg. E. 6, 16. —
    c.
    Tantum quod non, only that not, nothing is wanting but:

    tantum quod hominem non nominat: causam quidem totam perscribit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tanto

  • 9 tanto opere

    tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].
    I.
    Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.
    1.
    With [p. 1841] quantus:

    nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

    quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

    est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

    tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

    quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

    Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—
    2.
    With ut.
    a.
    Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

    tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B G 4, 17:

    non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

    unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

    quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

    Curt. 4, 10, 29:

    quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

    id. 6, 7, 30.—
    b.
    Denoting comparison:

    tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—
    3.
    With rel. qui, etc.:

    cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

    statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

    id. Sull. 2, 7:

    nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

    id. Marcell. 3, 8.—
    4.
    Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

    tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

    id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

    qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

    neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

    tantilla tanta verba funditat,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

    ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

    onus,

    id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

    non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

    id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

    qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

    tot tantaque vitia,

    id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

    quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

    id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

    conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

    id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    tanta ista mala,

    Sall. C. 40, 2;

    Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

    Verg. G. 2, 154:

    tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

    id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

    sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

    six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

    sexcenta tanta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

    tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

    three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

    jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

    such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

    si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

    Lact. 1, 3, 21.—
    5.
    With quam:

    maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

    tantus ille ventorum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—
    6.
    Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

    cur tanto opere extimueras?

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

    si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

    mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—
    B.
    Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

    tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

    Val. Fl. 5, 636:

    lamentabile tantis urbibus,

    Stat. Th. 11, 160:

    legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

    Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

    numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

    Luc. 7, 834. —
    C.
    Neutr. absol.
    1.
    tantum, so much, so many:

    habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

    iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

    Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

    cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

    Liv. 4, 57, 1:

    sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

    tantum hostium intra muros est,

    Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

    sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

    etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

    tantum... dum,

    Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

    tantum modo... dum,

    Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

    vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

    Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—
    2.
    Gen. (of price) tanti:

    tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

    tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

    it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

    frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

    ubi me dixero dare tanti,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

    graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

    in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —
    b.
    Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

    tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

    hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

    sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

    etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

    id. Mil. 22, 58:

    juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

    cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

    Quint. 12, 8, 4:

    sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

    Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—
    3.
    Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

    quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

    quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

    id. B. C. 1, 81:

    tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

    Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

    reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

    tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

    bis tanto pluris,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

    ter tanto pejor,

    id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

    multo tanto miserior,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

    si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    post tanto,

    Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

    tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

    doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

    tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

    Cat. 49, 6.—
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

    so too: tanto melior,

    Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

    tanto hercle melior,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

    tanto major! tanto augustior!

    how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

    tanto nequior!

    so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

    tanto miserior,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—
    4.
    In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

    danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

    quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

    in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

    Liv. 22, 27.
    II.
    Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

    ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

    praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

    tantum navium,

    id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.
    A.
    So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

    tantum, quantum quis fuge,

    as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

    de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

    id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

    so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

    rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1:

    tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

    Liv. 37, 39, 6:

    tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

    so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

    tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

    ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

    nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

    Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

    nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

    Verg. G. 4, 101:

    juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

    tantum dissimilis,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

    Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

    Vell. 2, 11, 1.—
    B.
    (Acc. to tantus, II.; and therefore, prop., only so much, so little; hence) Only, alone, merely, but:

    tantum monet, quantum intellegit,

    only so much, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 44:

    tantum in latitudinem patebat, quantum loci acies instructa occupare poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

    quod haec tantum, quantum sensu movetur...se accommodat, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:

    Socratem tantum de vitā et de moribus solitum esse quaerere,

    id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

    nomen tantum virtutis usurpas,

    id. Par. 2, 17:

    dixit tantum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit,

    id. Fl. 15, 34:

    notus mihi nomine tantum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 3:

    apte dicere non elocutionis tantum genere constat, sed, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 7; so,

    non tantum... sed,

    id. 9, 3, 28:

    nec tantum... sed (etiam),

    id. 3, 8, 33; 9, 3, 78; 11, 2, 5.—So with unus (mostly post-Aug.;

    once in Cic.): excepit unum tantum: scire se nihil se scire, nihil amplius,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

    unum flumen tantum intererat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    unum defuisse tantum superbiae,

    Liv. 6, 16, 5; 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; Just. 8, 5, 5; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120.—
    b.
    Strengthened by modo, and also joined with it in one word, tantummŏdo (freq. and class.;

    whereas solummodo is only post-Aug., v. h. v.): homines populariter annum tantummodo solis, id est unius astri reditu metiuntur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    ut tantummodo per stirpes alantur suas,

    id. N. D. 2, 32, 81:

    cum tantummodo potestatem gustandi feceris,

    id. Rep. 2, 28, 51:

    omnis ea judicatio versatur tantummodo in nomine,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 6:

    pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare (ut possent),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 62:

    velis tantummodo,

    you have only to wish it, Hor. S. 1, 9, 54:

    unum hoc tantummodo, neque praeterea quicquam, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11 et saep.:

    neque eum oratorem tantummodo, sed hominem non putant,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

    neque e silvis tantummodo promota castra, sed etiam... in campos delata acies,

    Liv. 9, 37, 2:

    Cn. Scipionem misit non ad tuendos tantummodo veteres socios, sed etiam ad pellendum Hispaniā Hasdrubalem,

    id. 21, 32, 4; so,

    non tantummodo... sed etiam,

    Sen. Polyb. 15, 3; id. Ot. Sap. 3, 5; 5, 4; Front. Ep. ad Verr. p. 124:

    non tantummodo... sed... quoque,

    Vell. 2, 110, 5:

    non tantummodo... verum etiam,

    Aug. Ep. 162, 1; id. Grat. Christ. 14: non... tantum, with ellips. of sed, not only (but much more), Ov. Am. 1, 4, 63; cf.:

    rem atrocem nec tantum epistulā dignam,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 14; Juv. 1, 131.—
    2.
    Particular phrases.
    a.
    Tantum non, analog. to the Gr. monon ouk, to [p. 1842] point out an action as only not, i. e. very nearly, completed, almost, all but, very nearly (perh. not ante-Aug.; in Cic. Att. 14, 5, 2, Baiter reads tantummodo):

    cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non jam injunctae moenibus essent,

    Liv. 5, 7, 2:

    tantum non jam captam Lacedaemonem esse,

    id. 34, 40, 5:

    tantum non ad portam bellum esse,

    id. 25, 15, 1:

    videt Romanos tantum non jam circumveniri a dextro cornu,

    id. 37, 29, 9:

    cum hostes tantum non arcessierint,

    id. 4, 2, 12 Drak.:

    tantum non adversis tempestatibus Rhodum enavigavit,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    tantum non statim a funere,

    id. ib. 52:

    tantum non summam malorum suorum professus est,

    id. ib. 66:

    tantum non in ipso ejus consulatu,

    id. Dom. 15 et saep.—But in many cases non belongs to the verb, and not to tantum:

    tantum non cunctandum neque cessandum esse,

    only there must be no delay, Liv. 35, 18, 8:

    dictator bello ita gesto, ut tantum non defuisse fortunae videretur,

    id. 4, 57, 8 Drak.; cf.:

    ut qui per haec vicit, tantum non defuisse sibi advocatum sciat,

    Quint. 6, 2, 4.—
    b.
    Tantum quod, denoting immediate nearness in point of time, only, just, but just, just then, hardly, scarcely (class.):

    tantum quod ex Arpinati veneram, cum mihi a te litterae redditae sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

    tantum quod ultimam imposuerat Pannonico bello Caesar manum, cum, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 117, 1:

    haec cum scriberem, tantum quod existimabam ad te orationem esse perlatam,

    Cic. Att. 15, 13, 7:

    navis Alexandrina, quae tantum quod appulerat,

    Suet. Aug. 98:

    natus est XVIII. Cal. Jan. tantum quod oriente sole,

    id. Ner. 6:

    tantum quod pueritiam egresso,

    id. Aug. 63:

    dentem tantum quod exemptum,

    id. Vesp. 5 (but in Liv. 22, 2, 9; 33, 4, 6; Amm. 27, 5, 4, the quod belongs not to tantum, but to the following verb):

    tantum alone = tantum quod,

    Verg. E. 6, 16. —
    c.
    Tantum quod non, only that not, nothing is wanting but:

    tantum quod hominem non nominat: causam quidem totam perscribit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tanto opere

  • 10 tantus

    tantus, a, um, adj. [perh. for tavantus; cf. Sanscr. tāvant, so great; Gr. teôs, i. e. teWôs].
    I.
    Of such size or measure, so great in amount, extent, value, degree, etc. (as some standard expressed or understood); usually with a foll. quantus, ut, qui, or absol.; rarely quam.
    1.
    With [p. 1841] quantus:

    nullam (contionem) umquam vidi tantam, quanta nunc vestrum est,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

    quae tanta sunt in hoc uno, quanta in omnibus reliquis imperatoribus,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

    est alienum tanto viro, quantus es tu, non posse, etc.,

    id. ad Brut. 1, 9, 1:

    tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt, quantum fuit diei spatium,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 11; cf.:

    quamquam Demaden continua dicendi exercitatio potuerit tantum, quantuluscumque postea fuit, fecisse,

    Quint. 2, 17, 12; Cic. Lael. 20, 74; Sall. C. 58, 2.—
    2.
    With ut.
    a.
    Denoting result or consequence; with subj.:

    tanta erat operis firmitudo, ut, etc.,

    Caes. B G 4, 17:

    non fuit tantus homo Sex. Roscius in civitate, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 43, 125;

    unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis... ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

    quod ego tantum nefas commisi, ut hanc vicem saevitiae meae redderes?

    Curt. 4, 10, 29:

    quod tantum cogitavi nefas, ut dignior Philotas me videretur?

    id. 6, 7, 30.—
    b.
    Denoting comparison:

    tantā modestiā dicto audiens fuit, ut si privatus esset,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—
    3.
    With rel. qui, etc.:

    cave putes aut mare ullum aut flammam esse tantam, quam non facilius sit sedare quam, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

    statuerunt, tantum illud esse maleficium, quod, etc.,

    id. Sull. 2, 7:

    nulla est tanta vis, quae non ferro frangi possit,

    id. Marcell. 3, 8.—
    4.
    Without correlation (esp. freq. in exclamations, etc.) ita tanta mira in aedibus sunt facta, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 5:

    tanta factis modo mira miris modis, etc.,

    id. Cas. 3, 5, 5:

    qui tantus natu deorum nescis nomina,

    id. Bacch. 1, 2, 15:

    neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

    tantilla tanta verba funditat,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 61. hocine mihi ob labores tantos tantillum dari, id. Truc. 2, 6, 56:

    ne tantae nationes conjugantur,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

    onus,

    id. ib. 2, 30 in tantis motionibus tantisque vicissitudinibus, tam multarum rerum atque tantarum ordinious, Cic. N D. 2, 5, 15:

    non idem sentio tanta hac in re tamque immensa posse fieri,

    id. de Or 2, 20, 84:

    qui tantas et tam infinitas pecunias repudiarit,

    id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

    tot tantaque vitia,

    id. Verr 1, 16, 47:

    quae faceres in hominem tantum et talem,

    id. Fam. 13, 66, 1; cf.:

    conservare urbes tantas atque tales,

    id. N. D. 3, 38, 92, so too, with talis, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14, id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    tanta ista mala,

    Sall. C. 40, 2;

    Liv 31, 9: neque tanto tractu se colligit anguis,

    Verg. G. 2, 154:

    tantorum ingentia septem Terga boum,

    id. A. 5, 404; Curt. 3, 1, 10; 3, 3, 28; 4, 1, 1:

    sexcenta tanta reddam, si vivo, tibi,

    six hundred times as much, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 111; so,

    sexcenta tanta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 37:

    tribus tantis illi minus redit quam obseveris,

    three times as much less, id. Trin. 2, 4, 129:

    jam non quaero, unde tantam Melitensem vestem habueris,

    such a great quantity of, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183:

    si in uno corpore tantarum rerum gubernationem mens humana possidet,

    Lact. 1, 3, 21.—
    5.
    With quam:

    maria aspera juro, Non ullum pro me tantum cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 (cf. infra, B. 2.).—With a partit. gen.:

    tantus ille ventorum,

    Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 (dub.; Jahn, ventus).—
    6.
    Esp. in phrase tantō ŏpĕre; freq. as one word, tantŏpĕre, so greatly, in so high a degree, so very, etc. (class. and freq.):

    cur tanto opere extimueras?

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 92, cf.:

    si studia Graecorum vos tanto opere delectant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 2; id. Ep. 1, 2, 31; Ter. And. 5, 2, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 38; Caes. B. G. 7, 52; Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 21; id. Mur. 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 35, 164 al.—In an inverted order:

    mirum est, me, ut redeam, te opere tanto quaesere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 1.—
    B.
    Transf., so many ( = tot; mostly poet.):

    tantae Coëunt in proelia gentes,

    Val. Fl. 5, 636:

    lamentabile tantis urbibus,

    Stat. Th. 11, 160:

    legatum valet in tantos quanti inveniantur,

    Dig. 30, 1, 65.— Sing.:

    numquam tanto se vulture caelum Induit,

    Luc. 7, 834. —
    C.
    Neutr. absol.
    1.
    tantum, so much, so many:

    habere tantum molestiae quantum gloriae...ut tantum nobis, quantum ipsi superesse posset, remitteret,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    decutio argenti tantum, quantum mihi lubet,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 3, 4:

    iis adposuit tantum, quod satis esset, nullo adparatu,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 91: tantum complectitur, quod satis sit modicae palaestrae, id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    eo indito cumini fricti tantum, quod oleat,

    Cato, R. R. 156, 3 (cf.: tantum quod, s. v. tantum, adv. B. 2. b.): Ch. Coactus reddidit ducentos et mille Philippum. Ni. Tantum debuit, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 38: nec tantum Karthago habuisset opum, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 526 (1, 48, 3 B. and K.):

    cum tantum belli in manibus esset,

    Liv. 4, 57, 1:

    sed quid hic tantum hominum incedunt?

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 5:

    tantum hostium intra muros est,

    Liv. 3, 17, 4 et saep.:

    sexies tantum, quam quantum satum sit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 102; cf.:

    etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam, etc.,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81 (v. alter):

    tantum... dum,

    Liv. 27, 42, 12; cf.:

    tantum modo... dum,

    Sall. J. 53, 3: tantum abest, ut, etc. (v. absum). —
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tantum est, that is all, nothing more, etc.:

    vos rogat, ut, etc. Tantum est. Valete,

    Plaut. Trin. prol. 22; so id. Cas. prol. 87: Lo. Numquid amplius? Ly. Tantum est, id. Merc. 2, 2, 12; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 26; id. Hec. 5, 3, 15.—
    2.
    Gen. (of price) tanti:

    tanti, quanti poscit, vin' tanti illam emi?

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 22; cf.:

    tanti est, quanti est fungus putidus,

    it is worth as much as, is worth no more than, id. Bacch. 4, 7, 23:

    frumentum tanti fuit, quanti iste aestimavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

    ubi me dixero dare tanti,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 49:

    graviter increpuit, tanti habitare censorem,

    in so costly a house, Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 3. —
    b.
    Trop.: est tanti (alicui), to be worth so much; to be valued, prized, or esteemed so highly; to be of such consequence or importance:

    tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 20: tanti non fuit Arsacen capere, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

    hoc tanti fuit vertere, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 1, 6, 38: est mihi tanti, Quirites, hujus invidiae tempestatem subire, dummodo a vobis hujus belli periculum depellatur, it is worth this price to me, i. e. I esteem it a light thing, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; cf.:

    sed est tanti (sc.: invidiam istam mihi impendere), dummodo,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 22:

    etsi id quidem non tanti est, quam quod propter eosdem, etc.,

    id. Mil. 22, 58:

    juratus tibi possum dicere, nihil esse tanti, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 13, 2:

    cum dicturis tanti suae non sint (actiones),

    Quint. 12, 8, 4:

    sunt o! sunt jurgia tanti,

    Ov. M. 2, 424 et saep.—
    3.
    Abl. (with comparatives) tantō, by so much, so much the:

    quanto erat in dies gravior oppugnatio, tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique ad Caesarem mittebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.:

    quantum opere processerant, tanto aberant ab aquā longius,

    id. B. C. 1, 81:

    tanto major vis, quanto recentior,

    Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

    reperietis quinquies tanto amplius istum quam quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 225:

    tantone minoris decumae venierunt quam fuerunt?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 45, § 106 et saep.: bis tanto amici sunt inter se quam prius, twice as much, twice as good, dis tosôi, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 62:

    bis tanto pluris,

    id. Men. 4, 3, 6:

    ter tanto pejor,

    id. Pers. 1, 3, 73:

    multo tanto miserior,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 37:

    si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:

    post tanto,

    Verg. G. 3, 476; Curt. 6, 7, 26.— Rarely with verbs denoting comparison:

    tanto praestitit ceteros imperatores, quan to populus Romanus antecedit fortitudine cunctas nationes,

    Nep. Hann. 1, 1; Ov. M. 13, 368; cf.:

    doctrinis tanto antecessit condiscipulos, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Epam. 2, 2.— Poet. with sup.:

    tanto pessimus omnium poëta, Quanto tu optimus omnium patronus,

    Cat. 49, 6.—
    b.
    In colloquial lang.: tanto melior! so much the better! well done! good! excellent! bravo! etc.: To. Omnes sycophantias instruxi et comparavi, quo pacto ab lenone auferam hoc argentum. Sa. Tanto melior! Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 24; cf. Sen. Ep. 31;

    so too: tanto melior,

    Plaut. Truc. 5, 61; Phaedr. 3, 5, 3:

    tanto hercle melior,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 38:

    tanto major! tanto augustior!

    how great! how noble! Plin. Pan. 71, 4:

    tanto nequior!

    so much the worse! that is bad! Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 12; cf. Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 84; so,

    tanto miserior,

    id. Stich. 5, 5, 8.—
    4.
    In tantum, so far, so much, to such a degree, so greatly:

    danti in tantum producenda notitia est muneris sui, in quantum delectatura est eum, cui datur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 23; Col. 12, 24, 1:

    quaedam aquae fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 24, 1: humum in tantum deprimere, donec altitudinis mensuram datam ceperit, Col. 3, 13, 9:

    in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

    Liv. 22, 27.
    II.
    Since tantus conveys only the idea of relative greatness, it may also be used (with a foll. ut) to denote a small amount, degree, extent, etc.; hence, of such a quantity or quality, such, so small, so slight or trivial; in the neutr., so little, so few (rare but class.):

    ceterarum provinciarum vectigalia tanta sunt, ut iis ad ipsas provincias tutandas vix contenti esse possimus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; id. Fam. 1, 7, 4: si bellum tantum erit, ut vos aut successores sustinere possint, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

    praesidii tantum est, ut ne murus quidem cingi possit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 35:

    tantum navium,

    id. B. C. 3, 2.—Hence, tantum, adv.
    A.
    So much, so greatly, to such a degree, so:

    tantum, quantum quis fuge,

    as quickly as possible, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 94:

    de quo tantum, quantum me amas, velim cogites,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18, 1:

    id tantum abest ab officio, ut, etc.,

    so far, id. Off. 1, 14, 43:

    rex tantum auctoritate ejus motus est, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Con. 4, 1:

    tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret,

    Liv. 37, 39, 6:

    tantumque ibi moratus, dum, etc.,

    so long, id. 27, 42, 13:

    tantum ad narrandum argumentum adest benignitas,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 16:

    ne miremini, quā ratione hic tantum apud istum libertus potuerit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:

    nullo tantum se Mysia cultu Jactat,

    Verg. G. 1, 102.—With adjj. (mostly poet.):

    nec tantum dulcia, quantum Et liquida,

    Verg. G. 4, 101:

    juventus Non tantum Veneris quantum studiosa culinae,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 80:

    tantum dissimilis,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 313:

    Marius quantum bello optimus, tantum pace pessimus,

    Vell. 2, 11, 1.—
    B.
    (Acc. to tantus, II.; and therefore, prop., only so much, so little; hence) Only, alone, merely, but:

    tantum monet, quantum intellegit,

    only so much, Cic. Tusc. 2, 19, 44:

    tantum in latitudinem patebat, quantum loci acies instructa occupare poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8:

    quod haec tantum, quantum sensu movetur...se accommodat, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:

    Socratem tantum de vitā et de moribus solitum esse quaerere,

    id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

    nomen tantum virtutis usurpas,

    id. Par. 2, 17:

    dixit tantum: nihil ostendit, nihil protulit,

    id. Fl. 15, 34:

    notus mihi nomine tantum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 3:

    apte dicere non elocutionis tantum genere constat, sed, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 7; so,

    non tantum... sed,

    id. 9, 3, 28:

    nec tantum... sed (etiam),

    id. 3, 8, 33; 9, 3, 78; 11, 2, 5.—So with unus (mostly post-Aug.;

    once in Cic.): excepit unum tantum: scire se nihil se scire, nihil amplius,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:

    unum flumen tantum intererat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    unum defuisse tantum superbiae,

    Liv. 6, 16, 5; 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; Just. 8, 5, 5; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120.—
    b.
    Strengthened by modo, and also joined with it in one word, tantummŏdo (freq. and class.;

    whereas solummodo is only post-Aug., v. h. v.): homines populariter annum tantummodo solis, id est unius astri reditu metiuntur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    ut tantummodo per stirpes alantur suas,

    id. N. D. 2, 32, 81:

    cum tantummodo potestatem gustandi feceris,

    id. Rep. 2, 28, 51:

    omnis ea judicatio versatur tantummodo in nomine,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 6:

    pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare (ut possent),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 62:

    velis tantummodo,

    you have only to wish it, Hor. S. 1, 9, 54:

    unum hoc tantummodo, neque praeterea quicquam, etc.,

    Suet. Tib. 11 et saep.:

    neque eum oratorem tantummodo, sed hominem non putant,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 52:

    neque e silvis tantummodo promota castra, sed etiam... in campos delata acies,

    Liv. 9, 37, 2:

    Cn. Scipionem misit non ad tuendos tantummodo veteres socios, sed etiam ad pellendum Hispaniā Hasdrubalem,

    id. 21, 32, 4; so,

    non tantummodo... sed etiam,

    Sen. Polyb. 15, 3; id. Ot. Sap. 3, 5; 5, 4; Front. Ep. ad Verr. p. 124:

    non tantummodo... sed... quoque,

    Vell. 2, 110, 5:

    non tantummodo... verum etiam,

    Aug. Ep. 162, 1; id. Grat. Christ. 14: non... tantum, with ellips. of sed, not only (but much more), Ov. Am. 1, 4, 63; cf.:

    rem atrocem nec tantum epistulā dignam,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 14; Juv. 1, 131.—
    2.
    Particular phrases.
    a.
    Tantum non, analog. to the Gr. monon ouk, to [p. 1842] point out an action as only not, i. e. very nearly, completed, almost, all but, very nearly (perh. not ante-Aug.; in Cic. Att. 14, 5, 2, Baiter reads tantummodo):

    cum agger promotus ad urbem vineaeque tantum non jam injunctae moenibus essent,

    Liv. 5, 7, 2:

    tantum non jam captam Lacedaemonem esse,

    id. 34, 40, 5:

    tantum non ad portam bellum esse,

    id. 25, 15, 1:

    videt Romanos tantum non jam circumveniri a dextro cornu,

    id. 37, 29, 9:

    cum hostes tantum non arcessierint,

    id. 4, 2, 12 Drak.:

    tantum non adversis tempestatibus Rhodum enavigavit,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    tantum non statim a funere,

    id. ib. 52:

    tantum non summam malorum suorum professus est,

    id. ib. 66:

    tantum non in ipso ejus consulatu,

    id. Dom. 15 et saep.—But in many cases non belongs to the verb, and not to tantum:

    tantum non cunctandum neque cessandum esse,

    only there must be no delay, Liv. 35, 18, 8:

    dictator bello ita gesto, ut tantum non defuisse fortunae videretur,

    id. 4, 57, 8 Drak.; cf.:

    ut qui per haec vicit, tantum non defuisse sibi advocatum sciat,

    Quint. 6, 2, 4.—
    b.
    Tantum quod, denoting immediate nearness in point of time, only, just, but just, just then, hardly, scarcely (class.):

    tantum quod ex Arpinati veneram, cum mihi a te litterae redditae sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:

    tantum quod ultimam imposuerat Pannonico bello Caesar manum, cum, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 117, 1:

    haec cum scriberem, tantum quod existimabam ad te orationem esse perlatam,

    Cic. Att. 15, 13, 7:

    navis Alexandrina, quae tantum quod appulerat,

    Suet. Aug. 98:

    natus est XVIII. Cal. Jan. tantum quod oriente sole,

    id. Ner. 6:

    tantum quod pueritiam egresso,

    id. Aug. 63:

    dentem tantum quod exemptum,

    id. Vesp. 5 (but in Liv. 22, 2, 9; 33, 4, 6; Amm. 27, 5, 4, the quod belongs not to tantum, but to the following verb):

    tantum alone = tantum quod,

    Verg. E. 6, 16. —
    c.
    Tantum quod non, only that not, nothing is wanting but:

    tantum quod hominem non nominat: causam quidem totam perscribit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tantus

  • 11 nōn

        nōn adv.    [for old noenum, ne+oenum (unum)], not, by no means, not at all: hocine agis an non? T.: non erat abundans, non inops tamen: non est ita, iudices, non est profecto.—Before a negative, forming a weak affirmative: quod tamen fortasse non nollem, si, etc., might not object to.— After a negative, forming a strong affirmative: nihil non ad rationem dirigebat, everything.— Followed by ne... quidem, or nec... nec, continuing the negation: non fugio ne hos quidem mores: non possum reliqua nec cogitare nec scribere.—After a negative, repeating the negation with emphasis: ut nemo, non linguā, non manu, promptior haberetur, L.—Reversing a quality or thought, by no means, not at all, the reverse of, far from: non inimici mihi, Cu.: homo non aptissimus ad iocandum: non digna ferens (i. e. indigna), V.: non Invitus, gladly, H.: veri non dissimulator amoris, O.—With quod or quo, not that, not as if: non quod sola ornent, sed quod excellant: non quo sit servulus unus, idem quod familia, verum quia, etc.—With nisi, only: Non nisi vicinas tutus ararit aquas, O.—With vero, truly not: non vero tam isti quam tu ipse, nugator.—With modo or solum, followed by sed or verum, not only... but also: ut non modo a mente non deserar, sed id ipsum doleam, me, etc., not only... not, but, etc.: tu id non modo non prohibebas, verum etiam approbabas: adsentatio, quae non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est.—With ita or tam, not so very, not particularly: simulacra non ita antiqua: non ita diu.— With fere, scarcely, hardly: non fere quisquam. —With si, not even if: iniussu tuo numquam pugnaverim, non si certam victoriam videam, L.: non si Opimium defendisti, idcirco, etc.— Much less: vix mehercule servis hoc eum suis, non vobis probaturum arbitrarer.—In a question expecting an affirmative answer: quid haec amentia significat? non vim? non scelus? non latrocinium?—In commands and wishes, for ne (poet.): non sint sine lege capilli, O.: Non Teucros agat in Rutulos, V.: non sit, qui tollere curet, H.—In an answer, no: aut etiam aut non respondere: exhereditavitne (pater filium)? Non.
    * * *
    not, by no means, no

    non modo... sed etiam -- not only... but also

    Latin-English dictionary > nōn

  • 12 modo

    mŏdŏ (scanned mŏdō, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 23; Lucr. 2, 11, 35; Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 107; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 480; Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, p. 140), adv. [orig. abl. of modus, q. v.].
    I.
    Qs., by measure, expressing, like tantum, a restriction of the idea, only, merely, but.
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Affirmatively: ter sub armis malim vitam cernere, Quam semel modo parere, even once, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll. (Trag. v. 298 Vahl.):

    semel modo,

    only once, Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 30:

    uni modo gessi morem,

    id. Most. 1, 3, 43:

    hoc autem si ita sit, ut unum modo sensibus falsum videatur, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 101; cf.:

    quorum genera plura sunt: hi unum modo quale sit suspicantur,

    id. Or. 9, 28:

    nec audiendi quidam, qui tres modo primas esse partes volunt,

    Quint. 3, 3, 4:

    paulum modo,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 15:

    perpauxillum modo,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 74; cf.:

    manus erat nulla, quae parvam modo causam timoris afferret,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 3:

    quae pacisci modo scis, sed quod pacta es, non scis solvere,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 88:

    ad ornandam modo, non augendam orationem assumuntur,

    Quint. 8, 6, 39; cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:

    solere modo non etiam oportere,

    id. Off. 3, 4, 18:

    doctrina ac litterae secundis rebus delectationem modo habere videbantur, nunc vero etiam salutem,

    id. Fam. 6, 12, 5:

    circi modo spectaculum fuerat,

    Liv. 7, 2: modo facito ut illam serves, only see that, etc., Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 59:

    modo fac, ne quid aliud cures, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 11, 1:

    aetatem velim servire, Libanum ut conveniam modo,

    if I can only, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 8:

    modo ut tacere possis,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 9; cf.:

    concede, ut impune emerit, modo ut bonā ratione emerit,

    if but. provided that, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10:

    modo ut haec nobis loca tenere liceat,

    id. Fam. 14, 14, 1.— For the expressions dummodo, solummodo, and tantummodo, v. dum, solum, and tantum.—
    2.
    Negatively: non modo... sed (verum) etiam (et, or simply sed), not only... but also:

    ut non modo secunda sperare debeas, sed etiam adversa fortissimo animo ferre,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 13, 5:

    non modo agendo, verum etiam cogitando,

    id. Cael. 19, 45:

    illum non modo favisse, sed et, etc.,

    id. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    non modo falsum id esse, sed hoc verissimum,

    id. Rep. 2, 44, 71.— As to these expressions, and also respecting the omission of a second non in the latter clause, v. under sed and non.—
    B.
    In partic., in restrictive clauses, for ullo or aliquo modo, in any way or degree, at all, only, even:

    servus est nemo, qui modo tolerabili conditione sit servitutis, qui, etc.,

    who is in any tolerable condition, Cic. Cat. 4, 8, 16; cf.:

    quamquam quis ignorat, qui modo umquam mediocriter res istas scire curavit, quin, etc.,

    id. Fl. 27, 64; and:

    quis est omnium, qui modo cum Musis habeat aliquod commercium, qui? etc.,

    id. Tusc. 5, 23, 66:

    nemo aliter philosophus sensit, in quo modo esset auctoritas,

    id. Div. 1, 39, 86; cf.: servitus, honorifica modo, Brut. ap. Cic. ad Brut. 1, 17, 4:

    tum quam plurimis modo dignis, se utilem praebent,

    be they but worthy, Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92:

    bonis viris... faciendum est, modo pro facultatibus,

    id. ib. 2, 17, 58:

    decerne, modo recte,

    id. Rosc. Am. 48, 138:

    itaque veniam, quo vocas, modo adjutore te,

    id. Att. 16, 13, a, 1:

    atque utinam posset aliquā ratione hoc crimen quamvis falsa, modo humana atque usitata defendere,

    if only, id. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 224.—
    b.
    Si modo, if only (freq.):

    tu si modo es Romae: vix enim puto, sin es, hoc vehementer animadvertas velim,

    Cic. Att. 5, 8, 2:

    tute scis (si modo meministi) me tibi tum dixisse, etc.,

    id. ib. 12, 18, 2:

    fortasse vici, si modo permansero,

    id. ib. 12, 44, 3.— Poet. with subj.:

    si modo sola queant saxa tenere fidem,

    Prop. 1, 18, 4.—
    c.
    Poet. and in jurid. Latin, modo si, for dummodo, if only, provided that:

    persequar inferius, modo si licet ordine ferri,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 263:

    modo si ejus nomine opus fiat,

    Dig. 39, 1, 18; 26, 2, 28; 19, 2, 19, § 10.—
    d.
    As a conjunction with subj., for dummodo, if only, provided that (freq. and class.):

    quos valetudo modo bona sit, tenuitas ipsa delectat,

    Cic. Brut. 16, 64; id. Or. 9, 28:

    manent ingenia senibus, modo permaneat studium et industria,

    id. Sen. 7, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 131:

    modo Juppiter adsit, Tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

    Verg. A. 3, 116.—So, modo ne for dummodo ne, if only not, provided that not:

    quae de Sicinio audīsti, ea mihi probantur: modo ne illa exceptio in aliquem incurrat bene de nobis meritum,

    Cic. Att. 5, 4, 3:

    si quis est paulo ad voluptates propensior, modo ne sit ex pecudum genere, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 30, 105; id. Ac. 2, 43, 132.—
    2.
    Modo non, like the Gr. monon ouchi, all but, almost, nearly, = propemodum (ante- and post-class.):

    modo non montes auri pollicens,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 17 Don.:

    favet Fabi gloriae, quae modo non suā contumeliā splendeat,

    Liv. 10, 24, 11:

    pictor equum venientem, modo non vivum, comprehenderat,

    Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 7:

    modo non reclamante publico vigore,

    Amm. 14, 7, 1; 16, 12, 16; 21, 14, 1; 22, 6, 2 al.—
    3.
    In colloq. lang. with imperatives, just, now, only:

    sequere hac modo,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 4:

    sedete hic modo,

    id. Rud. 3, 3, 29:

    propera modo,

    id. Men. 1, 4, 32:

    vide modo,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:

    ignem scrutare modo, inquam,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 276.—Indignantly:

    quin tu i modo,

    begone now, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 182; so,

    i modo,

    id. Stich. 3, 2, 23:

    tace modo,

    be still now, id. As. 5, 2, 19.—With tu or vos ( poet. and post-class.):

    tu modo, dum licet, hunc fructum ne desere vitae,

    Prop. 2, 15, 49; Verg. G. 3, 73:

    tu modo posce deos veniam,

    id. A. 4, 50:

    vos modo, inquit, parcite,

    Phaedr. 2, 8, 8; Curt. 9, 6, 24; 9, 2, 25.
    II.
    With specifications of time, like Gr. arti (reaching to the full measure of the time, fully).
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Of the pressent time, just now, just (ante-class. and poet.):

    quid? ego modo huic frater factus, dum intro eo atque exeo?

    just now? Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 43:

    modo dolores, meatu, occipiunt,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 2 (evidenter hic modo temporis praesentis adverbium est, Don.):

    advenis modo,

    id. Hec. 3, 5, 8 Don.:

    devoravi nomen imprudens modo,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 63:

    jam modo nunc possum contentus vivere parvo,

    Tib. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

    peccare fuisset Ante satis, penitus modo nunc genus omne perosos Femineum,

    Verg. A. 9, 141.—
    2.
    Of time just passed, just now, but this moment, a little while ago, lately (class.):

    nuper homines nobiles hujusmodi, judices, et quid dico nuper? immo vero modo ac plane paulo ante vidimus, qui, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7: Al. Ita uti dudum dixeras? Am. Dudum? quam dudum istuc factum est? Al. Temptas:

    jam dudum, pridem, modo,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 60: Ph. Quando? Do. Hodie. Ph. Quamdudum? Do. Modo, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 30:

    sum illi villae amicior modo factus,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 4:

    quaeras putemne talem esse deorum naturam, qualis modo a te sit exposita,

    id. N. D. 1, 21, 57:

    declaravit id modo temeritas C. Caesaris,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

    modo hoc malum in rem publicam invasit,

    id. ib. 2, 21, 75:

    si hodie bella sint, quale Gallicum modo (i. e. twenty-two years earlier),

    Liv. 6, 40, 17; cf. id. 22, 14, 13; Cic. Div. 1, 44, 99.—Opp. to nunc: qui nunc primum te advenisse dicas, [p. 1156] modo qui hinc abieris, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 63:

    in quā urbe modo gratiā, auctoritate, gloriā floruimus, in eā nunc iis quidem omnibus caremus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2; id. Mur. 40, 86; 41, 88; Prop. 1, 18, 7.—With tunc, Tac. A. 2, 75.—
    3.
    Of time just to come, immediately, directly, in a moment (rare, and perh. not in Cic.):

    domum modo ibo,

    Ter. And. 3, 4, 15; Liv. 26, 15:

    Artabanus tardari metu, modo cupidine vindictae inardescere,

    Tac. A. 6, 32; 4, 50.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Modo... modo, now... now, at one moment... at another, sometimes... sometimes (class.):

    modo ait, modo negat,

    sometimes he says Yes, and sometimes No, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 46:

    Cotta meus modo hoc, modo illud,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 44, 93:

    modo his, modo illis ex partibus,

    id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    o Academiam volaticam et sui similem, modo huc, modo illuc!

    id. Att. 13, 25, 3:

    citus modo, modo tardus incessus,

    Sall. C. 15, 5:

    laetos modo, modo pavidos animadverteres,

    id. J. 60, 4:

    nebulonem modo, modo nugatorem appellat,

    Liv. 38, 56.—Instead of modo... modo, we sometimes find:

    nunc... modo: nunc quereretur eundem accusatorem ac judicem esse, modo vitam sibi eripi, etc.,

    Liv. 8, 32, 9.—Again, instead of the second modo (esp. in poets and in post-Aug. prose writers), we find:

    nunc aliquando, interdum, nonnumquam, saepe, rursus.—So, modo... nunc,

    Ov. M. 13, 922; id. F. 4, 643; id. Tr. 1, 2, 27:

    modo ut reciperet imperium, nunc ut legatione fungeretur,

    Tac. H. 2, 51:

    modo... aliquando,

    id. A. 1, 81; 6, 35; 11, 34; 16, 10; id. H. 2, 74:

    modo... interdum,

    Sall. J. 42, 1; 55, 9; 62, 9 Kritz.; 74, 1; Hor. S. 1, 9, 9 et saep.:

    modo... nonnumquam,

    Suet. Tib. 66; id. Claud. 15; id. Calig. 52:

    modo... saepe,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 11:

    modo... modo... saepe,

    Sall. J. 45, 2; Tac. H. 4, 84:

    modo... rursus,

    Prop. 1, 3, 41.—
    2.
    Modo... tum (deinde, postea, etc.), at first... then, at one time... at another:

    sol modo accedens, tum autem recedens,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 102:

    (Xenophon) facit Socratem disputantem... et modo unum, tum autem plures deos,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 31:

    et modo mundum, tum mentem divinam esse putat,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 34; cf.:

    modo (Theophrastus) menti divinum tribuit principatum, modo caelo, tum autem signis sideribusque caelestibus,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 35:

    et forte in eo loco grandis ilex coaluerat inter saxa paulum modo prona, deinde flexa, etc.,

    Sall. J. 93, 4:

    modo... paulo post,

    Val. Max. 7, 4, 5:

    modo... modo... postremum,

    Tac. H. 4, 46:

    quid agerent, modo timentes, vicissim contemnentes religiones,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 17, 43.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > modo

  • 13 sed

    1.
    sĕd or sĕt, conj. [cf. Freund, Cic. Mil. p. 8 sq.; old and orig. form sedum, acc. to Charis. p. 87 P., and Mar. Vict. p. 2458 P.; but more prob. an ablative from root of the reflexive pron. so- for suo-, and orig. the same with the insep. prep. 2. sēd; prop., by itself, apart; hence, but, only, etc.; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 200 sq.], a particle of limitation, exception, or correction (cf. at and autem init.).
    I.
    In gen., but, yet:

    ipsum regale genus civitatis reliquis simplicibus longe anteponendum: sed ita, quoad statum suum retinet, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

    Neoptolemus apud Ennium Philosophari sibi ait necesse esse, sed paucis: nam omnino haud placere,

    id. Tusc. 2, 1, 1; cf. id. Rep. 1, 18, 33:

    C. Memmius perfectus litteris, sed Graecis,

    id. Brut. 70, 247:

    nactus es (me otiosum), sed mehercule otiosiorem operā quam animo,

    id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

    quae observanda essent, multa constituit (Numa), sed ea sine impensa,

    id. ib. 2, 14, 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 31, 47:

    miser homo est, qui, etc....sed ille miserior qui, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 2:

    vera dico, sed nequicquam, quoniam non vis credere,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 205:

    video te testimoniis satis instructum: sed apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

    (Platonis civitatem) praeclaram illam quidem fortasse, sed a vitā hominum abhorrentem et moribus,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 40, 63:

    sed id ubi jam penes sese habent, ex bonis pessumi sunt,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 37:

    nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris, etc....Sed si aliter ut dixi accidisset: qui possem queri? etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

    istos captivos sinito ambulare, si foris, si intus volent. Sed uti asserventur magnā diligentiā,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 6:

    non possum dicere...sed neque his contentus sum,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 22, 36: nec sum in ullā re molestus civitatibus;

    sed fortasse tibi, qui haec praedicem de me,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 7:

    non sum tantopere admiratus, sed posteaquam coepit rationem exponere,

    id. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

    non perfectum illud quidem, sed tolerabile est,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 42:

    sane bonum rei publicae genus, sed tamen inclinatum et quasi pronum ad perniciosissimum statum,

    id. ib. 2, 26, 48:

    scio tibi ita placere: sed tamen velim scire, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 30, 46; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 2, 72:

    difficile factu est, sed conabor tamen,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

    in quo defuit fortasse ratio, sed tamen vincit ipsa natura saepe rationem,

    id. ib. 2, 33, 57: illa quidem tristis, nec adhuc interrita vultu: Sed regina tamen, sed opaci maxima mundi;

    Sed tamen inferni pollens matrona tyranni,

    Ov. M. 5, 507 sq.; cf. id. ib. 7, 718:

    plerique patriae, sed omnes famā atque fortunis expertes,

    Sall. C. 33, 1:

    ipsum quidem regem assecutus non est, sed magnam partem agminis oppresserunt,

    Liv. 36, 19:

    plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi. Sed hoc me beat saltem, quod perduelles vicit,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 15:

    apponam urnam jam ego hanc in mediā viā. Sed autem, quid si hanc hinc abstulerit quispiam?

    but then, id. Rud. 2, 5, 15 (cf. in the foll. II. A. 2.):

    statim Luculli... eum domum suam receperunt. Sed enim hoc non solum ingenii ac litterarum, verum etiam naturae, etc.,

    but indeed, Cic. Arch. 3, 5:

    progeniem sed enim Trojano a sanguine duci Audierat,

    Verg. A. 1, 19; 2, 164; 5, 395;

    6, 28 et saep. (cf. also infra, II. A. 2.): sed enimvero, cum detestabilis altera res sit, quid ad deliberationem dubii superesse?

    Liv. 45, 19, 14.—Very rarely with non (for nec tamen), introducing a qualification of a previous word:

    Academici veteres beatum quidem esse etiam inter hos cruciatus fatentur, sed non ad perfectum,

    Sen. Ep. 71, 18.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Interrupting the discourse by transition to another subject or by ending the speech.
    1.
    In a transition to another subject:

    tristis sit (servus), si eri sint tristes: hilarus sit, si gaudeant. Set age, responde: jam vos redistis in gratiam?

    Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 20;

    5, 1, 26: non impedio, praesertim quoniam feriati sumus. Sed possumus audire aliquid, an serius venimus?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 20:

    nunc reliquorum oratorum aetates et gradus persequamur. Curio fuit igitur ejusdem aetatis fere, etc.... Scripsit etiam alia nonnulla, etc.... Sed ecce in manibus vir praestantissimo ingenio... C. Gracchus,

    id. Brut. 33, 125; cf.:

    sed eccum Amphitruonem, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 22; id. Aul. 2, 1, 55; 3, 5, 62; id. Capt. 5, 3, 20; 5, 4, 8 al.:

    sed quid ego cesso?

    id. As. 1, 1, 112: sed ista mox;

    nunc audiamus Philum, quem, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 20 fin. et saep.—In recurring to a previous subject:

    sed ad instituta redeamus,

    Cic. Brut. 61, 220:

    sed redeamus rursus ad Hortensium,

    id. ib. 84, 291:

    sed jam ad id, unde degressi sumus, revertamur,

    id. ib. 88, 300:

    sed perge de Caesare et redde quae restant,

    id. ib. 74, 258 et saep.—Hence, after parenthetic clauses, but, now, I say, etc.:

    equidem cum audio socrum meam Laeliam (facilius enim mulieres incorruptam antiquitatem conservant, quod multorum sermonis expertes ea tenent semper quae prima didicerunt) sed eam sic audio, ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45:

    qui (Pompeius) ut peroravit (nam in eo sane fortis fuit: non est deterritus: dixit omnia, atque interdum etiam silentio, cum auctoritate semper), sed ut peroravit, surrexit Clodius,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2.—
    2.
    In breaking off, discontinuing speech:

    sed satis verborum est: cura quae jussi atque abi,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 16:

    sed, si placet, in hunc diem hactenus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

    sed haec hactenus,

    id. Off. 1, 39, 140 al.: sed quid ego haec memoro? Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 318 Vahl.):

    nec requievit enim, donec Calchante ministro—Sed quid ego haec autem nequicquam ingrata revolvo? Quidve moror?

    Verg. A. 2, 101: sed enim, oikonomia (epistulae) si perturbatior est, tibi assignato: te enim sequor, schediazonta, but indeed, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 11; so,

    sed enim,

    Verg. A. 1, 19.—
    B.
    After negative clauses, to limit the negative statement, i. e. to indicate either that the assertion does not hold good at all, but something else does instead; or else that it is not exclusively true, but something else holds good in addition, but, on the contrary; and in an ascending signif., but also, but even, but in fact, etc.
    1.
    In a simple opposition: non cauponantes bellum, sed belligerantes, Ferro, non auro, vitam cernamus utrique, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 201 Vahl.); cf.: haud doctis dictis certantes, sed maledictis...Non ex jure manu consertum sed magi' ferro Rem repetunt, id. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 sq. Vahl.):

    non ego erus tibi, sed servus sum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 44:

    quae (hominum vestigia) ille (Aristippus) non ex agri consiturā, sed ex doctrinae indiciis interpretabatur,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 29:

    nec leges imponit populo, quibus ipse non pareat, sed suam vitam, ut legem, praefert suis civibus,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 52;

    1, 13, 19: neque hac nos patria lege genuit, ut...sed ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

    non quod...sed quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 30.—With contra:

    non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem afferre,

    Liv. 4, 18 init. —

    Several times repeated: non sibi se soli natum, sed patriae, sed suis,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45 Madv. ad loc.:

    quod non naturā exoriatur, sed judicio, sed opinione,

    id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:

    sed publicam, sed ob frumentum decretam, sed a publicanis faenore acceptam,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169; id. Planc. 10, 24:

    non eros nec dominos appellat eos...sed patriae custodes, sed patres et deos,

    id. Rep. 1, 41, 64; Tib. 1, 7, 44 sq.: quam tibi non Perseus, verum si quaeris, ademit;

    Sed grave Nereïdum numen, sed corniger Hammon, Sed quae visceribus veniebat belua ponti Exsaturanda meis,

    Ov. M. 5, 17 sq.:

    sed Pompeium, sed Lepidum,

    Tac. A. 1, 10; Sen. Const. 13, 4; id. Ben. 1, 1, 6; 1, 7, 3:

    non praefectum ab iis, sed Germanicum ducem, sed Tiberium imperatorem violari,

    Tac. A. 1, 38 et saep.—
    2.
    In a climax. [p. 1658]
    a.
    Non modo (solum, tantum, etc.)...sed or sed etiam (et, quoque), not only, not merely...but, but also, but even, but indeed (sed, standing alone, isolates the ascending idea, while an appended etiam, et, or quoque places it in closer connection with the first statement, and thus permits them to be viewed together):

    non modo falsum illud esse, sed hoc verissimum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

    quod non modo singulis hominibus, sed potentissimis populis saepe contingit,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 11;

    3, 10, 17: id ei perpetuā oratione contigit, non modo ut acclamatione, sed ut convitio et maledictis impediretur,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

    unius viri consilio non solum ortum novum populum, sed adultum jam et paene puberem,

    id. Rep. 2, 11, 21; cf.:

    nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis,

    id. Sen. 11, 36:

    volo ut in scaenā, sic in foro non eos modo laudari, qui celeri motu utantur, sed eos etiam, quos statarios appellant,

    id. Brut. 30, 116; id. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

    omnia ejus non facta solum, sed etiam dicta meminisset,

    id. ib. 6, 10, 10:

    neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

    id. ib. 2, 15, 28; 1, 3, 4;

    1, 34, 51: neque vero se populo solum, sed etiam senatui commisit, neque senatui modo, sed etiam publicis praesidiis et armis, neque his tantum, verum ejus potestati, cui, etc.,

    id. Mil. 23, 61:

    haec non delata solum, sed paene credita,

    id. ib. 24, 64:

    nec mihi soli versatur ante oculos, sed etiam posteris erit clara et insignis,

    id. Lael. 27, 102:

    illum non modo favisse sed et tantam illi pecuniam dedisse honoris mei causā,

    id. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    omnes civiles dissensiones, neque solum eas, quas audistis, sed et has, quas vosmet ipsi meministis et vidistis,

    id. Cat. 3, 10, 24:

    multiplicatusque terror non infimis solum, sed primoribus patrum,

    Liv. 3, 36, 5:

    non responsum solum benigne legatis est, sed Philippi quoque filius Demetrius ad patrem reducendus legatis datus est,

    id. 36, 35 fin.:

    conciti per haec non modo Cherusci, sed conterminae gentes,

    Tac. A. 1, 60; 3, 44:

    via non angusta modo, sed plerumque praerupta,

    Curt. 3, 4, 12; 5, 1, 20 Mützell ad loc.—
    (β).
    Esp., in passing from the part to the whole, from the particular to the universal (usually followed by omnino, or by omnis, cunctus, totus, universus, etc.):

    timebat non ea solum quae timenda erant, sed omnia,

    Cic. Mil. 24, 66:

    neglegere, quid de se quisque sentiat, non solum arrogantis est, sed etiam omnino dissoluti,

    id. Off. 1, 28, 99:

    nec sibi tantum, sed universis singulisque consulere,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 4:

    non consuli modo, sed omnibus civibus enitendum,

    Plin. Pan. 2, 1:

    non initio tantum, sed continuo totius temporis successu,

    Just. 1, 8, 14:

    non modo Italiā, sed toto orbe terrarum,

    Flor. 1, 16, 3.—Etiam is rarely added:

    quotiens non modo ductores nostri, sed universi etiam exercitus ad mortem concurrerunt,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; Curt. 5, 1, 24.—
    b.
    Non modo (solum) non...sed, sed etiam; sed ne... quidem, not only not...but, but even, but indeed, but not even, etc.:

    ut non modo a mente non deserar, sed id ipsum doleam, me, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2; id. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

    judicetur non verbo, sed re non modo non consul, sed etiam hostis Antonius,

    id. Phil. 3, 6, 14:

    hoc non modo non laudari, sed ne concedi quidem potest,

    id. Mur. 3, 8:

    iis non modo non laudi, verum etiam vitio dandum puto,

    id. Off. 1, 21, 71:

    non modo non oppugnator, sed etiam defensor,

    id. Planc. 31, 76:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil eorum fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed ne potuisse quidem facere,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79.—Also, without the second non in the first clause, and with ne quidem, doubly negative (only when both clauses have the same verb;

    v. Zumpt, Gram. § 724 b): quod mihi non modo irasci, sed ne dolere quidem impune licet,

    Cic. Att. 11, 24, 1:

    ea est ratio instructarum navium, ut non modo plures, sed ne singuli quidem possint accedere,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133:

    non modo aeternam, sed ne diuturnam quidem gloriam assequi possumus,

    id. Rep. 6, 21, 23:

    ea sunt demum non ferenda in mendacio, quae non solum facta esse, sed ne fieri quidem potuisse cernimus,

    id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

    quae non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

    id. Lael. 24, 89: non modo facere, sed ne cogitare quidem quicquam audebit, id. Off. 2, 19, 77; cf. with vix:

    verum haec genera virtutum non solum in moribus nostris, sed vix jam in libris reperiuntur,

    id. Cael. 17, 40:

    non modo ad expeditiones, sed vix ad quietas stationes viribus sufficiebant,

    Liv. 3, 6.—After quisquam with ellipsis of non:

    ut non modo praedandi causā quisquam ex agro Romano exiret, sed ultro Fidenates descenderent, etc.,

    Liv. 4, 21, 6 (where Weissenb. supplies non in brackets before exiret); cf.:

    antiqui non solum erant urbes contenti cingere muris, verum etiam loca aspera et confragosa saxis eligebant,

    Hyg. Grom. Limit. p. 197.—
    C.
    As sed, after non modo, acquires an idea of ascent or climax, from the fact that non modo represents a thing as existing (only not existing alone), and thus includes an affirmation, so, too, after purely affirmative clauses, sed sometimes serves as an ascending adjunct, but, but in fact, but also:

    ego te hodie reddam madidum, sed vino, probe,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 37:

    odore canibus anum, sed multo, replent,

    Phaedr. 4, 17, 19: Dae. Curriculo affer Duas clavas. La. Clavas? Dae. Sed probas:

    propera cito,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 19.—In good prose usually joined with etiam (or et):

    hic mihi primum meum consilium defuit, sed etiam obfuit,

    Cic. Att. 3, 15, 5; cf. id. ib. 4, 16, c, 10;

    10, 16, 6: Q. Volusium, certum hominem, sed mirifice etiam abstinentem, misi in Cyprum,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 6:

    hoc in genere si eum adjuveris, apud ipsum praeclarissime posueris, sed mihi etiam gratissimum feceris,

    id. Fam. 13, 64, 2:

    ex testamento Tiberii, sed et Liviae Augustae,

    Suet. Calig. 16; 20.
    2.
    sēd = sine, v. sine init. and 2. se.
    3.
    sēd = se; cf. the letter D.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sed

  • 14 adeo

    1.
    ăd-ĕo, ĭī, and rarely īvi, ĭtum (arch. adirier for adiri, Enn. Rib. Trag. p. 59), 4, v. n. and a. (acc. to Paul. ex Fest. should be accented a/deo; v. Fest. s. v. adeo, p. 19 Müll.; cf. the foll. word), to go to or approach a person or thing (syn.: accedo, aggredior, advenio, appeto).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., constr.
    (α).
    With ad (very freq.): sed tibi cautim est adeundum ad virum, Att. ap. Non. 512, 10:

    neque eum ad me adire neque me magni pendere visu'st,

    Plaut. Cur. 2, 2, 12:

    adeamne ad eam?

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; id. Eun. 3, 5, 30: aut ad consules aut ad te aut ad Brutum adissent, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 208, 5:

    ad M. Bibulum adierunt, id. Fragm. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: ad aedis nostras nusquam adiit,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 24:

    adibam ad istum fundum,

    Cic. Caec. 29 —
    (β).
    With in: priusquam Romam atque in horum conventum adiretis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26 ed. Halm.—Esp.: adire in jus, to go to law:

    cum ad praetorem in jus adissemus,

    Cic. Verr. 4, § 147; id. Att. 11, 24; Caes. B. C. 1, 87, and in the Plebiscit. de Thermens. lin. 42: QVO DE EA RE IN IOVS ADITVM ERIT, cf. Dirks., Versuche S. p. 193.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    adeunt, consistunt, copulantur dexteras,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 38:

    eccum video: adibo,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5.—
    (δ).
    With acc.:

    ne Stygeos adeam non libera manes,

    Ov. M. 13, 465:

    voces aetherias adiere domos,

    Sil. 6, 253:

    castrorum vias,

    Tac. A. 2, 13:

    municipia,

    id. ib. 39:

    provinciam,

    Suet. Aug. 47:

    non poterant adire eum,

    Vulg. Luc. 8, 19:

    Graios sales carmine patrio,

    to attain to, Verg. Cat. 11, 62; so with latter supine:

    planioribus aditu locis,

    places easier to approach, Liv. 1, 33.—With local adv.:

    quoquam,

    Sall. J. 14:

    huc,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 60.—
    B.
    Esp.,
    1.
    To approach one for the purpose of addressing, asking aid, consulting, and the like, to address, apply to, consult (diff. from aggredior, q. v.). —Constr. with ad or oftener with acc.; hence also pass.:

    quanto satius est, adire blandis verbis atque exquaerere, sintne illa, etc.,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 35:

    aliquot me adierunt,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 2:

    adii te heri de filia,

    id. Hec. 2, 2, 9: cum pacem peto, cum placo, cum adeo, et cum appello meam, Lucil. ap. Non. 237, 28:

    ad me adire quosdam memini, qui dicerent,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10:

    coram adire et alloqui,

    Tac. H. 4, 65.— Pass.:

    aditus consul idem illud responsum retulit,

    when applied to, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:

    neque praetores adiri possent,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5.—Hence: adire aliquem per epistulam, to address one in writing, by a letter:

    per epistulam, aut per nuntium, quasi regem, adiri eum aiunt,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 9 and 10; cf. Tac. A. 4, 39; id. H. 1, 9.—So also: adire deos, aras, deorum sedes, etc., to approach the gods, their altars, etc., as a suppliant (cf.:

    acced. ad aras,

    Lucr. 5, 1199): quoi me ostendam? quod templum adeam? Att. ap. Non. 281, 6:

    ut essent simulacra, quae venerantes deos ipsos se adire crederent,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 27:

    adii Dominum et deprecatus sum,

    Vulg. Sap. 8, 21:

    aras,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 1:

    sedes deorum,

    Tib. 1, 5, 39:

    libros Sibyllinos,

    to consult the Sibylline Books, Liv. 34, 55; cf. Tac. A. 1, 76:

    oracula,

    Verg. A. 7, 82.—
    2.
    To go to a thing in order to examine it, to visit:

    oppida castellaque munita,

    Sall. J. 94:

    hiberna,

    Tac. H. 1, 52.—
    3.
    To come up to one in a hostile manner, to assail, attack:

    aliquem: nunc prior adito tu, ego in insidiis hic ero,

    Ter. Ph. 1, 4, 52:

    nec quisquam ex agmine tanto audet adire virum,

    Verg. A. 5, 379:

    Servilius obvia adire arma jubetur,

    Sil. 9, 272.
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    To go to the performance of any act, to enter upon, to undertake, set about, undergo, submit to (cf.: accedo, aggredior, and adorior).—With ad or the acc. (class.):

    nunc eam rem vult, scio, mecum adire ad pactionem,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 25:

    tum primum nos ad causas et privatas et publicas adire coepimus,

    Cic. Brut. 90:

    adii causas oratorum, id. Fragm. Scaur. ap. Arus. p. 213 Lind.: adire ad rem publicam,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

    ad extremum periculum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 7.—With acc.:

    periculum capitis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38:

    laboribus susceptis periculisque aditis,

    id. Off. 1, 19:

    in adeundis periculis,

    id. ib. 24; cf.:

    adeundae inimicitiae, subeundae saepe pro re publica tempestates,

    id. Sest. 66, 139: ut vitae periculum aditurus videretur, Auct. B. G. 8, 48: maximos labores et summa pericula. Nep. Timol. 5:

    omnem fortunam,

    Liv. 25, 10:

    dedecus,

    Tac. A. 1, 39:

    servitutem voluntariam,

    id. G. 24:

    invidiam,

    id. A. 4, 70:

    gaudia,

    Tib. 1, 5, 39.—Hence of an inheritance, t. t., to enter on:

    cum ipse hereditatem patris non adisses,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 16; so id. Arch. 5; Suet. Aug. 8 and Dig.;

    hence also: adire nomen,

    to assume the name bequeathed by will, Vell. 2, 60.—
    B.
    Adire manum alicui, prov., to deceive one, to make sport of (the origin of this phrase is unc.; Acidalius conjectures that it arose from some artifice practised in wrestling, Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 8):

    eo pacto avarae Veneri pulcre adii manum,

    Plaut. Poen. 2, 11; so id. Aul. 2, 8, 8; id. Cas. 5, 2, 54; id. Pers. 5, 2, 18.
    2.
    ăd-ĕō̆, adv. [cf. quoad and adhuc] (acc. to Festus, it should be accented adéo, v. the preced. word; but this distinction is merely a later invention of the grammarians; [p. 33] cf. Gell. 7, 7).
    I.
    In the ante-class. per.,
    A.
    To designate the limit of space or time, with reference to the distance passed through; hence often accompanied by usque (cf. ad), to this, thus far, so far, as far.
    1.
    Of space:

    surculum artito usque adeo, quo praeacueris,

    fit in the scion as far as you have sharpened it, Cato, R. R. 40, 3.— Hence: res adeo rediit, the affair has gone so far (viz., in deterioration, “cum aliquid pejus exspectatione contigit,” Don. ad Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 5):

    postremo adeo res rediit: adulescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 61; cf. id. Ph. 1, 2, 5.—
    2.
    Of time, so long ( as), so long ( till), strengthened by usque, and with dum, donec, following, and in Cic. with quoad:

    merces vectatum undique adeo dum, quae tum haberet, peperisset bona,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 76; 3, 4, 72; id. Am. 1, 2, 10 al.:

    nusquam destitit instare, suadere, orare, usque adeo donec perpulit,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 36; Cato, R. R. 67; id. ib. 76:

    atque hoc scitis omnes usque adeo hominem in periculo fuisse, quoad scitum sit Sestium vivere,

    Cic. Sest. 38, 82.—
    B.
    For the purpose of equalizing two things in comparison, followed by ut: in the same degree or measure or proportion... in which; or so very, so much, so, to such a degree... as (only in comic poets), Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 38:

    adeon hominem esse invenustum aut infelicem quemquam, ut ego sum?

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 10.—Also followed by quasi, when the comparison relates to similarity:

    gaudere adeo coepit, quasi qui cupiunt nuptias,

    in the same manner as those rejoice who desire marriage, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 12.—
    C.
    (Only in the comic poets) = ad haec, praeterea, moreover, besides, too: ibi tibi adeo lectus dabitur, ubi tu haud somnum capias ( beside the other annoyances), a bed, too, shall be given you there, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 80.—Hence also with etiam:

    adeo etiam argenti faenus creditum audio,

    besides too, id. Most. 3, 1, 101.—
    D.
    (Only in the comic poets.) Adeo ut, for this purpose that, to the end that:

    id ego continuo huic dabo, adeo me ut hic emittat manu,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 32:

    id adeo te oratum advenio, ut, etc.,

    id. Aul. 4, 10, 9:

    adeo ut tu meam sententiam jam jam poscere possis, faciam, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 26 (where Wagner now reads at ut):

    atque adeo ut scire possis, factum ego tecum hoc divido,

    id. Stich. 5, 4, 15. (These passages are so interpreted by Hand, I. p. 138; others regard adeo here = quin immo.)—
    E.
    In narration, in order to put one person in strong contrast with another. It may be denoted by a stronger emphasis upon the word to be made conspicuous, or by yet, on the contrary, etc.:

    jam ille illuc ad erum cum advenerit, narrabit, etc.: ille adeo illum mentiri sibi credet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 4 sq.; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 8 al.
    II.
    To the Latin of every period belongs the use of this word,
    A.
    To give emphasis to an idea in comparison, so, so much, so very, with verbs, adjectives, and substantives:

    adeo ut spectare postea omnīs oderit,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 65:

    neminem quidem adeo infatuare potuit, ut ei nummum ullum crederet,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    adeoque inopia est coactus Hannibal, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 32, 3 Weiss.:

    et voltu adeo modesto, adeo venusto, ut nil supra,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 92:

    nemo adeo ferus est, ut, etc.,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 39.—With usque:

    adeo ego illum cogam usque, ut mendicet meus pater,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 10:

    usque adeo turbatur,

    even so much, so continually, Verg. E. 1, 12; Curt. 10, 1, 42; Luc. 1, 366.—In questions:

    adeone me fuisse fungum, ut qui illi crederem?

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 49:

    adeone hospes hujus urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias?

    Cic. Rab. 10, 28; so id. Phil. 2, 7, 15; id. Fam. 9, 10; Liv. 2, 7, 10; 5, 6, 4.—With a negative in both clauses, also with quin in the last:

    non tamen adeo virtutum sterile saeculum, ut non et bona exempla prodiderit,

    Tac. H. 1, 3; so Suet. Oth. 9:

    verum ego numquam adeo astutus fui, quin, etc.,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 13.—

    Sometimes the concluding clause is to be supplied from the first: quis genus Aeneadum, quis Trojae nesciat urbem?... non obtusa adeo gestamus pectora Poeni, viz.,

    that we know not the Trojans and their history, Verg. A. 1, 565:

    adeo senuerunt Juppiter et Mars?

    Juv. 6, 59.—Hence (post-Cic.): adeo non ut... adeo nihil ut... so little that, so far from that... (in reference to which, it should be noticed that in Latin the negative is blended with the verb in one idea, which is qualified by adeo) = tantum abest ut: haec dicta adeo nihil moverunt quemquam, ut legati prope violati sint, these words left them all so unmoved that, etc., or had so little effect, etc., Liv. 3, 2, 7: qui adeo non tenuit iram, ut gladio cinctum in senatum venturum se esse palam diceret, who restrained his anger so little that, etc. (for, qui non—tenuit iram adeo, ut), id. 8, 7, 5; so 5, 45, 4; Vell. 2, 66, 4: Curt. 3, 12, 22.—Also with contra in the concluding clause:

    apud hostes Afri et Carthaginienses adeo non sustinebant, ut contra etiam pedem referrent,

    Liv. 30, 34, 5. —
    B.
    Adeo is placed enclitically after its word, like quidem, certe, and the Gr. ge, even, indeed, just, precisely. So,
    1.
    Most freq. with pronouns, in order to render prominent something before said, or foll., or otherwise known (cf. in Gr. egôge, suge, autos ge, etc., Viger. ed. Herm. 489, vi. and Zeun.): argentariis male credi qui aiunt, nugas praedicant: nam et bene et male credi dico; id adeo hodie ego expertus sum, just this (touto ge), Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 1; so id. Aul. 2, 4, 10; 4, 2, 15; id. Am. 1, 1, 98; 1, 2, 6; id. Ep. 1, 1, 51; 2, 2, 31; 5, 2, 40; id. Poen. 1, 2, 57: plerique homines, quos, cum nihil refert, pudet;

    ubi pudendum'st ibi eos deserit pudor, is adeo tu es,

    you are just such a one, id. Ep. 2, 1, 2:

    cui tu obsecutus, facis huic adeo injuriam,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 68: tute adeo jam ejus verba audies, you yourself shall hear what he has to say (suge akousêi), Ter. And. 3, 3, 27: Dolabella tuo nihil scito mihi esse jucundius: hanc adeo habebo gratiam illi, i. e. hanc, quae maxima est, gratiam (tautên ge tên charin), Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16:

    haec adeo ex illo mihi jam speranda fuerunt,

    even this, Verg. A. 11, 275.—It is often to be translated by the intensive and, and just, etc. (so esp. in Cic. and the histt.): id adeo, si placet, considerate, just that (touto ge skopeite), Cic. Caec. 30, 87:

    id adeo ex ipso senatus consulto cognoscite,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 64, 143; cf. id. Clu. 30, 80:

    ad hoc quicumque aliarum atque senatus partium erant, conturbari remp., quam minus valere ipsi malebant. Id adeo malum multos post annos in civitatem reverterat,

    And just this evil, Sall. C. 37, 11; so 37, 2; id. J. 68, 3; Liv. 2, 29, 9; 4, 2, 2: id adeo manifestum erit, si cognoverimus, etc., and this, precisely this, will be evident, if, etc., Quint. 2, 16, 18 Spald.—It is rarely used with ille:

    ille adeo illum mentiri sibi credet,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 6.—Sometimes with the rel. pron.: quas adeo haud quisquam liber umquam tetigit, Plaut: Poen. 1, 2, 57; Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 37. —With interrog. pron.:

    Quis adeo tam Latinae linguae ignarus est, quin, etc.,

    Gell. 7, 17.—Adeo is joined with the pers. pron. when the discourse passes from one person to another, and attention is to be particularly directed to the latter: Juppiter, tuque adeo summe Sol, qui res omnes inspicis, and thou especially, and chiefly thou, Enn. ap. Prob.:

    teque adeo decus hoc aevi inibit,

    Verg. E. 4, 11; id. G. 1, 24: teque, Neptune, invoco, vosque adeo venti, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 73;

    and without the copulative: vos adeo... item ego vos virgis circumvinciam,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 25.— Ego adeo often stands for ego quidem, equidem (egôge):

    tum libertatem Chrysalo largibere: ego adeo numquam accipiam,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 30; so id. Mil. 4, 4, 55; id. Truc. 4, 3, 73:

    ego adeo hanc primus inveni viam,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 16:

    nec me adeo fallit,

    Verg. A. 4, 96.—Ipse adeo (autos ge), for the sake of emphasis:

    atque hercle ipsum adeo contuor,

    Plaut. As. 2, 3, 24:

    ipsum adeo praesto video cum Davo,

    Ter. And. 2, 5, 4:

    ipse adeo senis ductor Rhoeteus ibat pulsibus,

    Sil. 14, 487.—
    2.
    With the conditional conjj. si, nisi, etc. (Gr. ei ge), if indeed, if truly:

    nihili est autem suum qui officium facere immemor est, nisi adeo monitus,

    unless, indeed, he is reminded of it, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 2: Si. Num illi molestae quippiam hae sunt nuptiae? Da. Nihil Hercle: aut si adeo, bidui est aut tridui haec sollicitudo, and if, indeed, etc. (not if also, for also is implied in aut), Ter. And. 2, 6, 7.—
    3.
    With adverbs: nunc adeo (nun ge), Plaut. As. 3, 1, 29; id. Mil. 2, 2, 4; id. Merc. 2, 2, 57; id. Men. 1, 2, 11; id. Ps. 1, 2, 52; id. Rud. 3, 4, 23; Ter. And. 4, 5, 26; Verg. A. 9, 156: jam adeo (dê ge), id. ib. 5, 268; Sil. 1, 20; 12, 534; Val. Fl. 3, 70. umquam adeo, Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 23:

    inde adeo,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 1:

    hinc adeo,

    Verg. E. 9, 59: sic adeo (houtôs ge), id. A. 4, 533; Sil. 12, 646:

    vix adeo,

    Verg. A. 6, 498:

    non adeo,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 57; Verg. A. 11, 436. —
    4.
    With adjectives = vel, indeed, even, very, fully:

    quot adeo cenae, quas deflevi, mortuae!

    how very many suppers, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 59: quotque adeo fuerint, qui temnere superbum... Lucil. ap. Non. 180, 2: nullumne malorum finem adeo poenaeque dabis (adeo separated from nullum by poet. license)? wilt thou make no end at all to calamity and punishment? Val. Fl. 4, 63:

    trīs adeo incertos caeca caligine soles erramus,

    three whole days we wander about, Verg. A. 3, 203; 7, 629.—And with comp. or the adv. magis, multo, etc.:

    quae futura et quae facta, eloquar: multo adeo melius quam illi, cum sim Juppiter,

    very much better, Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 3; so id. Truc. 2, 1, 5:

    magis adeo id facilitate quam aliā ullā culpā meā, contigit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15.—
    5.
    With the conjj. sive, aut, vel, in order to annex a more important thought, or to make a correction, or indeed, or rather, or even only:

    sive qui ipsi ambīssent, seu per internuntium, sive adeo aediles perfidiose quoi duint,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 71:

    si hercle scivissem, sive adeo joculo dixisset mihi, se illam amare,

    id. Merc. 5, 4, 33; so id. Truc. 4, 3, 1; id. Men. 5, 2, 74; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 9: nam si te tegeret pudor, sive adeo cor sapientia imbutum foret, Pacuv. ap. Non. 521, 10:

    mihi adeunda est ratio, quā ad Apronii quaestum, sive adeo, quā ad istius ingentem immanemque praedam possim pervenire,

    or rather, Cic. Verr 2, 3, 46, 110; Verg. A. 11, 369; so, atque adeo:

    ego princeps in adjutoribus atque adeo secundus,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9.—
    6.
    With the imperative, for emphasis, like tandem, modo, dum, the Germ. so, and the Gr. ge (cf. L. and S.), now, I pray:

    propera adeo puerum tollere hinc ab janua,

    Ter. And. 4, 4, 20 (cf. xullabete g auton, Soph. Phil. 1003).—
    C.
    Like admodum or nimis, to give emphasis to an idea (for the most part only in comic poets, and never except with the positive of the adj.; cf. Consent. 2023 P.), indeed, truly, so very, so entirely:

    nam me ejus spero fratrem propemodum jam repperisse adulescentem adeo nobilem,

    so very noble, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 123:

    nec sum adeo informis,

    nor am I so very ugly, Verg. E. 2, 25:

    nam Caii Luciique casu non adeo fractus,

    Suet. Aug. 65:

    et merito adeo,

    and with perfect right, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 42:

    etiam num credis te ignorarier aut tua facta adeo,

    do you, then, think that they are ignorant of you or your conduct entirely? id. Ph. 5, 8, 38.—
    D.
    To denote what exceeds expectation, even: quam omnium Thebis vir unam esse optimam dijudicat, quamque adeo cives Thebani rumificant probam, and whom even the Thebans (who are always ready to speak evil of others) declare to be an honest woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 44.— Hence also it denotes something added to the rest of the sentence, besides, too, over and above, usually in the connection: -que adeo (rare, and never in prose; cf.

    adhuc, I.): quin te Di omnes perdant qui me hodie oculis vidisti tuis, meque adeo scelestum,

    and me too, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 122; cf. id. 4, 2, 32:

    haec adeo tibi me, ipsa palam fari omnipotens Saturnia jussit,

    Verg. A. 7, 427.
    III.
    After Caesar and Cicero (the only instance of this use adduced from Cicero's works, Off. 1, 11, 36, being found in a passage rejected by the best critics, as B. and K.).
    A.
    For adding an important and satisfactory reason to an assertion, and then it always stands at the beginning of the clause, indeed, for:

    cum Hanno perorāsset, nemini omnium cum eo certare necesse fuit: adeo prope omnis senatus Hannibalis erat: the idea is,

    Hanno's speech, though so powerful, was ineffectual, and did not need a reply; for all the senators belonged to the party of Hannibal, Liv. 21, 11, 1; so id. 2, 27, 3; 2, 28, 2; 8, 37, 2; Tac. Ann. 1, 50, 81; Juv. 3, 274; 14, 233.—Also for introducing a parenthesis: sed ne illi quidem ipsi satis mitem gentem fore (adeo ferocia atque indomita [p. 34] ingenia esse) ni subinde auro... principum animi concilientur, Liv. 21, 20, 8; so id. 9, 26, 17; 3, 4, 2; Tac. A. 2, 28.—
    B.
    When to a specific fact a general consideration is added as a reason for it, so, thus (in Livy very often):

    haud dubius, facilem in aequo campi victoriam fore: adeo non fortuna modo, sed ratio etiam cum barbaris stabat,

    thus not only fortune, but sagacity, was on the side of the barbarians, Liv. 5, 38, 4:

    adeo ex parvis saepe magnarum momenta rerum pendent,

    id. 27, 9, 1; so id. 4, 31, 5; 21, 33, 6; 28, 19; Quint. 1, 12, 7; Curt. 10, 2, 11; Tac. Agr. 1:

    adeo in teneris consuescere multum est,

    Verg. G. 2, 272.—
    C.
    In advancing from one thought to another more important = immo, rather, indeed, nay: nulla umquam res publica ubi tantus paupertati ac parsimoniae honos fuerit: adeo, quanto rerum minus, tanto minus cupiditatis erat, Liv. praef. 11; so Gell. 11, 7; Symm. Ep. 1, 30, 37.—
    D.
    With a negative after ne—quidem or quoque, so much the more or less, much less than, still less (post-Aug.):

    hujus totius temporis fortunam ne deflere quidem satis quisquam digne potuit: adeo nemo exprimere verbis potest,

    still less can one describe: it by words, Vell. 2, 67, 1:

    ne tecta quidem urbis, adeo publicum consilium numquam adiit,

    still less, Tac. A. 6, 15; so id. H. 3, 64; Curt. 7, 5, 35:

    favore militum anxius et superbia viri aequalium quoque, adeo superiorum intolerantis,

    who could not endure his equals even, much less his superiors, Tac. H. 4, 80.—So in gen., after any negative: quaelibet enim ex iis artibus in paucos libros contrahi solet: adeo infinito spatio ac traditione opus non est, so much the less is there need, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 16; Plin. 17, 12, 35, § 179; Tac. H. 3, 39.—(The assumption of a causal signif. of adeo = ideo, propterea, rests upon false readings. For in Cael. Cic. Fam. 8, 15 we should read ideo, B. and K., and in Liv. 24, 32, 6, ad ea, Weiss.).—See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 135-155.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adeo

  • 15 B

    B, b, indecl. n., designates, in the Latin alphabet, the soft, labial sound as in English, unlike the Gr. beta (B, b), which approached the Engl. v in sound; v. Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 124 sqq. At the beginning of words it represents an original dv or gv, and elsewhere an original gv, p, v, or bh ( v); v. Corss. Ausspr. I. pp. 134, 161. It corresponds regularly with Gr. b, but freq. also with p, and, in the middle of words, with ph; cf. brevis, brachus; ab, apo; carbasus, karpasos; ambo, amphi, amphô; nubes, nephos, etc.; v. Roby, Gram. I. p. 26; Kühner, Gram. § 34, 6. In Latin, as in all kindred languages, it was used in forming words to express the cry of different animals, as balare, barrire, baubari, blacterare, boare, bombitare, bubere, bubulare; children beginning to talk called their drink bua; so, balbus denoted the stammering sound, bambalio the stuttering, blatire and blaterare the babbling, blaesus the lisping, blandus the caressing. At the beginning of words b is found with no consonants except l and r (for bdellium, instead of which Marc. Emp. also wrote bdella, is a foreign word); but in the middle of words it is connected with other liquid and feeble consonants. Before hard consonants b is found only in compounds with ob and sub, the only prepositions, besides ab, which end in a labial sound; and these freq. rejected the labial, even when they are separated by the insertion of s, as abspello and absporto pass into aspello and asporto; or the place of the labial is supplied by u, as in aufero and aufugio (cf. ab init. and au); before f and p it is assimilated, as suffero, suppono; before m assimilated or not, as summergo or submergo; before c sometimes assimilated, as succedo, succingo, sometimes taking the form sus (as if from subs; cf. abs), as suscenseo; and sometimes su before s followed by a consonant, as suspicor. When b belonged to the root of a word it seems to have been retained, as plebs from plebis, urbs from urbis, etc.; so in Arabs, chalybs ( = Araps, chalups), the Gr. ps was represented by bs; as also in absis, absinthi-um, etc. But in scripsi from scribo, nupsi from nubo, etc., b was changed to p, though some grammarians still wrote bs in these words; cf. Prisc. pp. 556, 557 P.; Vel. Long. pp. 2224, 2261 ib. Of the liquids, l and r stand either before or after b, but m only before it, with the exception of abmatertera, parallel with the equally anomalous abpatruus (cf. ab init. and fin.), and n only after it; hence con and in before b always become com and im; as inversely b before n is sometimes changed to m, as Samnium for Sabinium and scamnum for scabnum, whence the dim. scabellum. B is so readily joined with u that not only acubus, arcubus, etc., were written for acibus, arcibus, etc., but also contubernium was formed from taberna, and bubile was used for bovile, as also in dubius ( = doios, duo) a b was inserted. B could be doubled, as appears not only from the foreign words abbas and sabbatum, but also from obba and gibba, and the compounds with ob and sub. B is reduplicated in bibo (cf the Gr. piô), as the shortness of the first syllable in the preterit bĭbi, compared with dēdi and stĕti or sti/ti, shows; although later bibo was treated as a primitive, and the supine bibitum formed from it. Sometimes before b an m was inserted, e. g. in cumbo for cubo kuptô, lambo for laptô, nimbus for nephos; inversely, also, it was rejected in sabucus for sambucus and labdacismus for lambdacismus. As in the middle, so at the beginning of words, b might take the place of another labial, e. g. buxis for pyxis, balaena for phalaina, carbatina for carpatina, publicus from poplicus, ambo for amphô; as even Enn. wrote Burrus and Bruges for Pyrrhus and Phryges; Naev., Balantium for Palatium (v. the latter words, and cf. Fest. p. 26).—In a later age, but not often before A.D. 300, intercourse with the Greeks caused the pronunciation of the b and v to be so similar that Adamantius Martyrius in Cassiod. pp. 2295-2310 P., drew up a separate catalogue of words which might be written with either b or v. So, Petronius has berbex for verbex, and in inscrr., but not often before A. D. 300, such errors as bixit for vixit, abe for ave, ababus for abavus, etc. (as inversely vene, devitum, acervus, vasis instead of bene, debitum, acerbus, basis), are found; Flabio, Jubentius, for Flavio, Juventius, are rare cases from the second century after Christ.—The interchange between labials, palatals, and linguals (as glans for balanos, bilis for fel or cholê) is rare at the beginning of words, but more freq. in the middle; cf. tabeo, têkô, and Sanscr. tak, terebra and teretron, uber and outhar; besides which the change of tribus Sucusana into Suburana (Varr. L. L. 5, § 48 Müll.; Quint. 1, 7, 29) deserves consideration. This interchange is most freq. in terminations used in forming words, as ber, cer, ter; brum or bulum, crum or culum, trum, bundus and cundus; bilis and tilis, etc.—Finally, the interchange of b with du at the beginning of words deserves special mention, as duonus for bonus, Bellona for Duellona, bellum for duellum, bellicus for duellicus, etc., and bis from duis.—As an abbreviation, B usually designates bonus or bene. Thus, B. D. = Bona Dea, Inscr. Orell. 1524; 2427; 2822:

    B. M. = bene merenti,

    ib. 99; 114; 506:

    B. M. P. = bene merenti posuit,

    ib. 255:

    B. D. S. M. = bene de se meritae,

    ib. 2437:

    B. V. V. = bene vale valeque,

    ib. 4816:

    B. M. = bonae memoriae,

    ib. 1136; 3385:

    B. M. = bonā mente,

    ib. 5033;

    sometimes it stands for beneficiarius, and BB. beneficiarii,

    ib. 3489; 3868; 3486 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > B

  • 16 b

    B, b, indecl. n., designates, in the Latin alphabet, the soft, labial sound as in English, unlike the Gr. beta (B, b), which approached the Engl. v in sound; v. Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 124 sqq. At the beginning of words it represents an original dv or gv, and elsewhere an original gv, p, v, or bh ( v); v. Corss. Ausspr. I. pp. 134, 161. It corresponds regularly with Gr. b, but freq. also with p, and, in the middle of words, with ph; cf. brevis, brachus; ab, apo; carbasus, karpasos; ambo, amphi, amphô; nubes, nephos, etc.; v. Roby, Gram. I. p. 26; Kühner, Gram. § 34, 6. In Latin, as in all kindred languages, it was used in forming words to express the cry of different animals, as balare, barrire, baubari, blacterare, boare, bombitare, bubere, bubulare; children beginning to talk called their drink bua; so, balbus denoted the stammering sound, bambalio the stuttering, blatire and blaterare the babbling, blaesus the lisping, blandus the caressing. At the beginning of words b is found with no consonants except l and r (for bdellium, instead of which Marc. Emp. also wrote bdella, is a foreign word); but in the middle of words it is connected with other liquid and feeble consonants. Before hard consonants b is found only in compounds with ob and sub, the only prepositions, besides ab, which end in a labial sound; and these freq. rejected the labial, even when they are separated by the insertion of s, as abspello and absporto pass into aspello and asporto; or the place of the labial is supplied by u, as in aufero and aufugio (cf. ab init. and au); before f and p it is assimilated, as suffero, suppono; before m assimilated or not, as summergo or submergo; before c sometimes assimilated, as succedo, succingo, sometimes taking the form sus (as if from subs; cf. abs), as suscenseo; and sometimes su before s followed by a consonant, as suspicor. When b belonged to the root of a word it seems to have been retained, as plebs from plebis, urbs from urbis, etc.; so in Arabs, chalybs ( = Araps, chalups), the Gr. ps was represented by bs; as also in absis, absinthi-um, etc. But in scripsi from scribo, nupsi from nubo, etc., b was changed to p, though some grammarians still wrote bs in these words; cf. Prisc. pp. 556, 557 P.; Vel. Long. pp. 2224, 2261 ib. Of the liquids, l and r stand either before or after b, but m only before it, with the exception of abmatertera, parallel with the equally anomalous abpatruus (cf. ab init. and fin.), and n only after it; hence con and in before b always become com and im; as inversely b before n is sometimes changed to m, as Samnium for Sabinium and scamnum for scabnum, whence the dim. scabellum. B is so readily joined with u that not only acubus, arcubus, etc., were written for acibus, arcibus, etc., but also contubernium was formed from taberna, and bubile was used for bovile, as also in dubius ( = doios, duo) a b was inserted. B could be doubled, as appears not only from the foreign words abbas and sabbatum, but also from obba and gibba, and the compounds with ob and sub. B is reduplicated in bibo (cf the Gr. piô), as the shortness of the first syllable in the preterit bĭbi, compared with dēdi and stĕti or sti/ti, shows; although later bibo was treated as a primitive, and the supine bibitum formed from it. Sometimes before b an m was inserted, e. g. in cumbo for cubo kuptô, lambo for laptô, nimbus for nephos; inversely, also, it was rejected in sabucus for sambucus and labdacismus for lambdacismus. As in the middle, so at the beginning of words, b might take the place of another labial, e. g. buxis for pyxis, balaena for phalaina, carbatina for carpatina, publicus from poplicus, ambo for amphô; as even Enn. wrote Burrus and Bruges for Pyrrhus and Phryges; Naev., Balantium for Palatium (v. the latter words, and cf. Fest. p. 26).—In a later age, but not often before A.D. 300, intercourse with the Greeks caused the pronunciation of the b and v to be so similar that Adamantius Martyrius in Cassiod. pp. 2295-2310 P., drew up a separate catalogue of words which might be written with either b or v. So, Petronius has berbex for verbex, and in inscrr., but not often before A. D. 300, such errors as bixit for vixit, abe for ave, ababus for abavus, etc. (as inversely vene, devitum, acervus, vasis instead of bene, debitum, acerbus, basis), are found; Flabio, Jubentius, for Flavio, Juventius, are rare cases from the second century after Christ.—The interchange between labials, palatals, and linguals (as glans for balanos, bilis for fel or cholê) is rare at the beginning of words, but more freq. in the middle; cf. tabeo, têkô, and Sanscr. tak, terebra and teretron, uber and outhar; besides which the change of tribus Sucusana into Suburana (Varr. L. L. 5, § 48 Müll.; Quint. 1, 7, 29) deserves consideration. This interchange is most freq. in terminations used in forming words, as ber, cer, ter; brum or bulum, crum or culum, trum, bundus and cundus; bilis and tilis, etc.—Finally, the interchange of b with du at the beginning of words deserves special mention, as duonus for bonus, Bellona for Duellona, bellum for duellum, bellicus for duellicus, etc., and bis from duis.—As an abbreviation, B usually designates bonus or bene. Thus, B. D. = Bona Dea, Inscr. Orell. 1524; 2427; 2822:

    B. M. = bene merenti,

    ib. 99; 114; 506:

    B. M. P. = bene merenti posuit,

    ib. 255:

    B. D. S. M. = bene de se meritae,

    ib. 2437:

    B. V. V. = bene vale valeque,

    ib. 4816:

    B. M. = bonae memoriae,

    ib. 1136; 3385:

    B. M. = bonā mente,

    ib. 5033;

    sometimes it stands for beneficiarius, and BB. beneficiarii,

    ib. 3489; 3868; 3486 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > b

  • 17 neque

    nĕ-que or nec (used indifferently before vowels and consonants. The notion that nec in class. prose stands only before consonants is wholly unfounded. Ap. Cic. in the Rep. alone we find nec nineteen times before vowels; viz.: nec accipere, 3, 13, 23: nec alios, 2, 37, 62: nec enim, 1, 24, 38; 6, 25, 27: nec esset, 5, 5, 7: nec ex se, 6, 24, 27:

    nec id, 1, 1, 1: nec inportatis, 2, 15, 29: nec in, 6, 23, 25: nec inconstantiam, 3, 11, 18: nec injussu, 6, 15, 15: nec ipsius, 1, 26, 41: nec ipsum, 6, 24, 27: nec ulla, 1, 34, 51: nec ullo, 1, 37, 58: nec una, 2, 1, 2: nec hic, 3, 33, 45: nec hominis, 2, 21, 37: nec hunc, 6, 25, 29. Cf. also such passages as neque reliquarum virtutum, nec ipsius rei publicae,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 41:

    dabo tibi testes nec nimis antiquos nec ullo modo barbaros,

    id. ib. 1, 37, 58:

    nec atrocius... neque apertius,

    id. Tull. 1, 2:

    nec homo occidi nec consulto, etc.,

    id. ib. 14, 34. The true distinction is, that in the form nec the negation is more prominent; in the form neque, the connective force of the particle; cf. Hand, Turs. 4, p. 94 sq.), adv. and conj. [ne-que], not; and not, also not.
    I.
    Adv., like ne, in ante-class. Latinity (v. ne, I.) as a general negative particle, = non, not (usually in the form nec. In class. Lat. this usage seems to be confined to certain formulae, as nec opinans, nec procul abesse, nec mancipi, etc.; v. infra): nec conjunctionem grammatici fere dicunt esse disjunctivam, ut: nec legit, nec scribit: cum si diligentius inspiciatur, ut fecit Sinnius Capito, intellegi possit, eam positam esse ab antiquis pro non, ut et in XII. est: AST EI CVSTOS NEC ESCIT, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.:

    SI INTESTATO MORITVR, CVI SVVS HERES NEC SIT, etc., Lex XII. Tab. (v. App. III. tab. 5): SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, etc., ib.: magistratus nec obedientem civem coërceto,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:

    senatori, qui nec aderit, culpa esto,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 11:

    bruti nec satis sardare queunt,

    Naev. 1, 4; 1, 7:

    tu dis nec recte dicis: non aequum facis,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11:

    nec recte,

    id. As. 1, 3, 3; 2, 4, 65; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; Cat. 30, 4:

    alter, qui nec procul aberat,

    Liv. 1, 25, 10:

    nec ullus = nullus: cui Parcae tribuere nec ullo vulnere laedi,

    Verg. Cir. 269:

    differentia mancipi rerum et nec mancipi,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 18 sq. —Form neque: si quid tibi in illisce suovitaurilibus lactentibus neque satisfactum est, etc., an old formula of prayer in Cato, R. R. 141, 4: neque opinantes insidiatores, Auct. B. Afr. 66; Auct. B. Alex. 75.
    II.
    Conj., in all periods and kinds of composition.
    A.
    In gen., = et non, and not, also not.
    1.
    Alone.
    (α).
    When the negative applies to the principal verb of the clause: multumque laborat, Nec respirandi fit copia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 437 Vahl.):

    illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus, nec iisdem semper uno modo videntur, ficta esse dicimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47:

    delubra esse in urbibus censeo, nec sequor magos Persarum, quibus, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; id. Rep. 2, 1, 2:

    quae mei testes dicunt, quia non viderunt nec sciunt,

    id. Tull. 10, 24:

    non eros nec dominos appellabant eos... sed patres et deos. Nec sine causā. Quid enim? etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 41, 64:

    illa, nec invideo, fruitur meliore marito,

    Ov. H. 2, 79.—
    (β).
    Less freq. when the negative applies to some other word:

    nec inventas illas toto orbe pares vires gloriatur,

    Just. 11, 9, 5:

    et vidi et perii, nec notis ignibus arsi,

    Ov. H. 12, 33:

    Anguibus exuitur tenui cum pelle vetustas, Nec faciunt cervos cornua jacta senes ( = et faciunt non senes),

    id. A. A. 3, 77:

    neque eum aequom facere ait,

    Ter. Phorm, 1, 2, 64:

    nec dubie ludibrio esse miserias suas,

    Liv. 2, 23, 14; 2, 14, 2; esp. in the phrases nec idcirco minus, nec eo minus, nec eo secius, neque eo magis;

    thus: nec idcirco minus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 151:

    neque eo minus,

    Liv. 41, 8, 8; Suet. Oth. 2; id. Vesp. 24:

    neque eo secius,

    Nep. Att. 2, 2:

    neque eo magis,

    id. Eum. 4, 2; id. Paus. 3, 5; id. Att. 8, 5:

    cum consules in Hernicos exercitum duxissent, neque inventis in agro hostibus, Ferentinum urbem cepissent,

    Liv. 7, 9, 1.—
    2.
    So, nec ullus, nec quisquam, for et nullus, et nemo, etc.:

    nec ullo Gallorum ibi viro, etc.,

    Liv. 38, 25, 3; Tac. Agr. 16:

    nec quidquam magis quam ille, etc.,

    Curt. 4, 2, 8.—
    3.
    With vero, enim, autem, tamen:

    neque vero hoc solum dixit, sed ipse et sentit et fecit,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:

    nec vero jam meo nomine abstinent,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 6: nec enim respexit, etc., id. Clod. et Cur. 4, 4; id. Lael. 10, 32:

    neque enim tu is es, qui, qui sis nescias,

    id. Fam. 5, 12, 6:

    nec tamen didici, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 38, 64:

    neque autem ego sum ita demens, ut, etc.,

    id. Fam. 5, 12, 6.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Nec [p. 1202] = ne... quidem, not even (in Liv. and later writers;

    in Cic. dub. since B. and K. read ne... quidem,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 65; id. Cat. 2, 4, 8; cf.

    Hand, Turs. 4, 105 sqq.): ne quid ex antiquo praeter sonum linguae, nec eum incorruptum, retinerent,

    Liv. 5, 33, 11:

    Maharbal nec ipse eruptionem cohortium sustinuit,

    id. 23, 18, 4:

    nec nos,

    id. 3, 52, 9; 34, 32, 9; 37, 20, 8; 38, 23, 3;

    40, 20, 6: non spes modo, sed nec dilatio,

    Just. 11, 8, 4:

    tam pauper, quam nec miserabilis Irus,

    Mart. 6, 77, 1; 5, 70, 6: Juv. 2, 151:

    interrogatus, an facta hominum deos fallerent, nec cogitata, inquit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 8; Tac. G. 6:

    nec ipse,

    Suet. Claud. 46; Flor. 1, 15, 3; Lact. 5, 13, 12; Amm. 14, 10, 3.—
    2.
    Nec = etiam non (freq. in Quint.):

    ut, si in urbe fines non reguntur, nec aqua in urbe arceatur,

    Cic. Top. 4, 23; id. Fin. 1, 11, 39:

    nec si quid dicere satis non est, ideo nec necesse est,

    Quint. 1, 1, 21:

    quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,

    id. 9, 2, 67; 5, 10, 86; 12, 3, 6;

    2, 13, 7: sed neque haec in principem,

    Tac. A. 4, 34; 3, 29; 2, 82.—
    3.
    Neque (nec)... neque (nec), neither... nor: quae neque Dardaniis campis potuere perire, Nec cum capta capi, nec cum combusta cremari, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 360 Vahl.):

    nam certe neque tum peccavi, cum... neque cum, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, 2:

    nec meliores nec beatiores,

    id. Rep. 1, 19, 32:

    mors nec ad vivos pertineat nec ad mortuos,

    id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:

    virtus nec eripi nec surripi potest umquam: neque naufragio neque incendio amittitur,

    id. Par. 6, 3, 51: neque ego neque Caesar, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1; cf.:

    haec si neque ego neque tu fecimus,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 23; so,

    non... nec... neque... neque: perspicuum est, non omni caussae, nec auditori neque personae neque tempori congruere orationis unum genus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 210.—The second nec is rarely placed after a word in the clause ( poet.):

    nec deus hunc mensā, dea nec dignata cubili est,

    Verg. E. 4, 63; id. A. 4, 365; 696:

    sed nec Brutus erit, Bruti nec avunculus usquam,

    Juv. 14, 43.—With a preceding negative, which, however, does not destroy the negation contained in neque... neque:

    non mediusfidius prae lacrimis possum reliqua nec cogitare nec scribere,

    Cic. Att. 9, 12, 1:

    ut omnes intellegant, nihil me nec subterfugere voluisse reticendo nec obscurare dicendo,

    id. Clu. 1, 1:

    nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis, neque forensibus neque domesticis, neque si tecum agas, neque si cum altero contrahas vacare officio potest,

    id. Off. 1, 2, 4:

    nemo umquam neque poëta neque orator fuit, qui, etc.,

    id. Att. 14, 20, 3; 8, 1, 3; Liv. 38, 50, 11.—
    4.
    Neque (nec)... et (que), and et... neque (nec), when one clause is affirmative, on the one hand not... and on the other hand; not only not... but also; or the contrary, on the one hand... and on the other hand not; not only... but also not.
    a.
    Neque (nec)... et (que):

    id neque amoris mediocris et ingenii summi et sapientiae judico,

    Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1:

    animal nullum inveniri potest, quod neque natum umquam sit, et semper sit futurum,

    id. N. D. 3, 13, 32; id. Off. 2, 12, 43; id. Brut. 58, 198; Caes. B. G. 4, 1; Tac. A. 3, 35:

    ex quo intellegitur nec intemperantiam propter se fugiendam esse temperantiamque expetendam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 48:

    perficiam, ut neque bonus quisquam intereat, paucorumque poenā vos omnes jam salvi esse possitis,

    id. Cat. 2, 13, 28:

    sed nec illa exstincta sunt, alunturque potius et augentur cogitatione et memoriā,

    id. Lael. 27, 104; Ov. M. 2, 42; 811.—
    b.
    Et... neque (nec):

    ego vero et exspectabo ea quae polliceris neque exigam nisi tuo commodo,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17:

    patebat via et certa neque longa,

    id. Phil. 11, 2, 4:

    intellegitis et animum ei praesto fuisse, nec consilium defuisse,

    id. ib. 13, 6, 13:

    et... nec... et... et,

    id. Tusc. 5, 38, 112.—
    5.
    Neque (nec) non (also in one word, necnon), emphatically affirmative, and also, and besides, and indeed, and:

    nec haec non deminuitur scientia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 4:

    neque meam mentem non domum saepe revocat exanimata uxor,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 2, 3:

    nec vero non eadem ira deorum hanc ejus satellitibus injecit amentiam,

    id. Mil. 32, 86:

    nec vero Aristoteles non laudandus in eo, quod, etc.,

    id. N. D. 2, 16, 44: neque tamen illa non ornant, habiti honores, etc., id. de Or. 2, 85, 347:

    neque tristius dicere quicquam debeo hac de re, neque non me tamen mordet aliquid,

    id. Fam. 3, 12, 2:

    nec non et sterilis, etc.,

    Verg. G. 2, 53; id. A. 8, 461; Suet. Tit. 5.—
    b.
    In Varro and after the Aug. per., nec non (or as one word, necnon) freq. as a simple conjunction = et, and, and likewise, and so too, and also:

    ibi vidi greges magnos anserum, gallinarum, gruum, pavonum, necnon glirium, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 14; Col. 8, 15, 6:

    nec non et Tyrii per limina laeta frequentes Convenere,

    Verg. A. 1, 707; Plin. 13, 22, 38, § 118:

    nec non etiam poëmata faciebat ex tempore,

    Suet. Gram. 23:

    nec non et ante,

    Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 13:

    nec non et quasi,

    id. 2 Par. 3, 16. —
    6.
    Neque (nec) dum (also in one word, necdum), and not yet, not yet:

    ille autem quid agat, si scis neque dum Romā es profectus, scribas ad me velim,

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 4; Cels. 5, 26, n. 33; Suet. Aug. 10; Juv. 11, 66:

    necdum tamen ego Quintum conveneram,

    Cic. Att. 6, 3, 2:

    necdum etiam audierant inflari classica, necdum Impositos duris crepitare incudibus enses,

    Verg. G. 2, 539; id. A. 11, 70.—Strengthened by tamen:

    philosophi summi, neque dum tamen sapientiam consecuti, nonne intellegunt in summo se malo esse?

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 28, 68; id. Att. 6, 3, 3:

    et necdum (post-Aug.),

    and not yet, Plin. Pan. 14, 1.—
    7.
    Nec... quidem; v. quidem.—
    C.
    Neque = et ne or neve.
    1.
    Expressing negative purpose.
    (α).
    After ut (class.):

    ut ea, quae regie statuit in aratores, praetermittam neque eos appellem, a quibus, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:

    hortemur liberos nostros, ut animo rei magnitudinem complectantur, neque eis praeceptis quibus utuntur omnes, ut consequi posse confidant, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 5, 19:

    peterent ut dediticiis suis parcerent, neque in eum agrum arma inferrent,

    Liv. 7, 31, 4; 1, 2, 4; 3, 52, 11; 27, 20, 12.—
    (β).
    After ne (not ante-Aug.):

    conspirāsse inde, ne manus ad os cibum ferrent, nec os acciperet datum, nec dentes conficerent,

    Liv. 2, 32, 10; 3, 21, 6; 4, 4, 11; 26, 42, 2.—
    2.
    In a prohibition (rare):

    nec id mirati sitis, priusquam, etc.,

    Liv. 5, 53, 3:

    nec a me nunc quisquam quaesiverit, quid, etc.,

    id. 9, 9, 9:

    nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,

    id. 23, 5, 3.—
    D.
    In contrasts, but not, not however (class.):

    ubi aetas tantum modo quaestui neque luxuriae modum fecerat,

    Sall. C. 24, 3:

    gloriosa modo neque belli patrandi,

    id. J. 88, 4:

    consulatus sine ulla patrum injuriā, nec sine offensione fuit,

    Liv. 3, 55, 1:

    oppida oppugnata nec obsessa sunt,

    id. 5, 12, 5; Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9; Quint. 8, 6, 74; Tac. Agr. 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > neque

  • 18 non

    nōn (old collat. forms noenum and noenu, cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. tom. 2, p. 149 sq.:

    noenum pro non Lucilius lib. XXX.: sed tamen hoc dicas, quid est, si noenu molestum'st. Varro Epistola ad Fusium: si hodie noenum venis, cras quidem, etc.,

    Non. 143, 33 sq.: noenum rumores ponebat ante salutem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1; Ann. v. 314 Vahl.; so, noenum sperando cupide rem prodere summam, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 229 Müll.;

    Ann. v. 411 ib.: noenum mecastor,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 28: noenu necesse'st, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 62, 127;

    Ann. v. 161 Vahl.: noenu potest,

    Lucr. 3, 199 Lachm. N. cr.:

    noenu queunt,

    id. 4, 712), adv. [contr. from neoenum, i. e. nec unum, not one, like ne hilum, not any thing (cf. Engl. not, i. q. naught, Angl.-Sax. naht, contr. from ne-aht); cf. Germ. nein], not:

    hocine agis an non?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 15:

    non erat abundans, non inops tamen,

    Cic. Brut. 67, 238:

    non est ita, judices, non est profecto,

    id. Fl. 22, 53:

    cum ipsi auxilium ferre, si cupiant, non queant,

    id. Rep. 1, 5, 9; 1, 2, 2:

    eam (fugam) si nunc sequor, quonam? Cum illo non,

    id. Att. 8, 3, 5.—
    (β).
    Non before negatives forms a weak affirmative, and before adverbs of emphatic assertion (as prorsus, omnino, etc.) a weak negative:

    moveo nonnullis suspicionem, velle me navigare: quod tamen fortasse non nollem, si possem ad otium,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2; so,

    non nemo, non nihil, non nullus, v. h. vv: Res has non omnino quidem, sed magnam partem relinquere,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 3: so, non prorsus, etc.—
    (γ).
    After negatives it forms a strong affirmative, and after the adverbs above named a strong negative:

    nihil non ad rationem dirigebat,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140;

    v. nemo, nihil, nullus: prorsus non arbitror,

    id. Tusc. 4, 4, 8:

    omnino non dicere,

    Quint. 10, 7, 24.—
    (δ).
    But the negative force of non is not destroyed by a following ne... quidem, or nec... nec: non fugio ne hos quidem mores. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210; Liv. 28, 42, 16:

    non medius fidius prae lacrimis possum reliqua nec cogitare nec scribere,

    Cic. Att. 9, 12, 1.—In a very few passages non is added to a negative to strengthen it (cf. Gr. ou mê):

    nolle successum non patribus, non consulibus,

    Liv. 2, 45, 5; id. 3, 11, 6:

    nec sursum nec deorsum non cresco,

    Petr. 58:

    horam eximere nullam... non possumus,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 7; Plaut. Mil. 5, 18; id. Curc. 4, 4, 23; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 8.—
    (ε).
    Unus non = ne unus quidem:

    unus enim vir Numantinus non fuit, qui in catenis duceretur,

    Flor. 2, 18, 17.—
    (ζ).
    Per litoten, [p. 1215] emphatic, by no means, not at all, the reverse of:

    non ignobilis tragicus,

    Quint. 1, 12, 18:

    non inimici mihi,

    Curt. 7, 10, 7; esp. with sup.:

    Cethegus homo non probatissimus,

    Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40:

    homo non aptissimus ad jocandum,

    id. N. D. 2, 17, 47:

    non minime commoveri,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 125:

    tu me consiliario fortasse non imperitissimo usus esses,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 2.—
    (η).
    Non quod, non quo, not that, not as if:

    non quod sola ornent, sed quod excellant,

    Cic. Or. 39, 134: me non sane movet res publica;

    non quo sit mihi quidquam carius: sed, etc.,

    id. Att. 16, 15, 5:

    non quo sit servulus unus, idem quod familia, verum quia,

    id. Caecin. 20, 58.—
    (θ).
    Non nisi, only:

    non nisi vicinas tutus arārit aquas,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 36; v. nisi.—
    (ι).
    Non vero, truly not:

    non vero tam isti quam tu ipse nugator,

    Cic. Sen. 9, 27.—
    (κ).
    Non modo, non solum... sed or sed etiam, not only... but also:

    non modo falsum illud esse, sed hoc verissimum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 70; id. Lael. 15, 54;

    v. modo and solum.—Sometimes sed is omitted: nec solum apud Caecinam: Fabii quoque Valentis, etc.,

    Tac. H. 2, 27.—
    (λ).
    Non modo (solum) non... sed or sed etiam, not only not... but even: sed ne... quidem... but not even:

    ut non modo a mente non deserar, sed id ipsum doleam, me, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2:

    hoc non modo non laudari, sed ne concedi quidem potest,

    id. Mur. 3, 8:

    tu id non modo non prohibebas, verum etiam approbabas,

    id. Att. 16, 7, 3.—When the verb of the second clause is the common predicate of both clauses, the second non is omitted in the first clause:

    talis vir non modo facere, sed ne cogitare quidem quidquam audebit,

    Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77:

    assentatio, quae non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

    id. Lael. 24, 89:

    advena non modo vicinae sed ne Italicae quidem stirpis,

    Liv. 1, 40, 2; 3, 24, 4; 6, 20, 2:

    neque solum inscientiam meam, sed ne rerum quidem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 203:

    quod mihi non modo irasci, sed ne dolere quidem impune licet,

    id. Att. 11, 24, 1:

    non mentibus solum consipere, sed ne auribus quidem satis constare poterant,

    Liv. 5, 42, 3; 4, 3, 11;

    so with sed vix in the second clause: haec genera virtutum non solum in moribus nostris, sed vix jam in libris reperiuntur,

    Cic. Cael. 17, 40:

    non modo ad expeditiones sed vix ad quietas stationes viribus sufficiebant,

    Liv. 3, 6, 8;

    very rarely verum ne... quidem, instead of sed ne... quidem,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 30, 42; id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 724.—
    (μ).
    Non ita, non tam, not so very, not particularly:

    simulacra non ita antiqua,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109:

    non ita lato interjecto mari,

    id. Or. 8, 25:

    non ita diu,

    id. Brut. 66, 233:

    quae nunc quidem non tam est in plerisque,

    id. ib. 15, 58.—So, non fere, scarcely, hardly (v. fere):

    non fere quisquam,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182.—
    (ν).
    Non si, not even if:

    injussu tuo imperator, extra ordinem numquam pugnaverim, non si certam victoriam videam,

    Liv. 7, 10; Sen. Ep. 59, 8; Hor. C. 2, 14, 5; so,

    followed by idcirco (ideo, eo, propterea, etc.): non si Opimium defendisti, idcirco te isti bonum civem putabunt,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 170; id. Cael. 9, 21; id. Top. 16, 60; Liv. 3, 45, 8.—
    (ξ).
    For nedum, much less:

    vix mehercule servis hoc eum suis, non vobis probaturum arbitrer,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22.—
    (ο).
    In an interrogation for nonne:

    quid haec amentia significat? non vim? non scelus? non latrocinium?

    Cic. Quint. 26, 82; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 5; id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 50.—
    (π).
    For ne ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose, regarded by Quint. as a solecism):

    qui tamen dicat pro illo Ne feceris, Non feceris, in idem incidat vitium, quia alterum negandi est, alterum vetandi,

    Quint. 1, 5, 50:

    vos quoque non caris aures onerate lapillis... Munditiis capimur: non sint sine lege capilli,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 129; id. P. 1, 2, 105:

    non Teucros agat in Rutulos,

    Verg. A. 12, 78:

    non etiam sileas,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 91:

    non sit, qui tollere curat,

    id. A. P. 460:

    non ancilla tuum jecur ulceret ulla puerve,

    id. Ep. 1, 18, 72:

    non dubitaveris,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 3; so,

    non credideris,

    Rutil. Lup. 2, 9.—
    (ρ).
    With substantives coalescing to form one notion:

    nec vero, aut quod efficeret aliquid, aut quod efficeretur, posse esse non corpus,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 11, 40:

    etiam non orator,

    Quint. 2, 15, 17; 4, 1, 22: veri non dissimulator amoris, Ov. M. 5, 61:

    quasi servitute praedii non possessori relicta,

    Dig. 34, 1, 14 fin.:

    non dominus,

    ib. 43, 15, 7.—
    (σ).
    As an answer, no:

    aut etiam aut non respondere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104:

    exhereditavitne (pater filium)? Non,

    id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 30, 97; id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—
    (τ).
    In questions, non expresses surprise, and doubt of the possibility of denial (v. Madv. Gram. §

    451): non sum ego servus Amphitruonis Sosia?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 247:

    non tu scis, etc.?

    id. ib. 2, 2, 71:

    haec non turpe est dubitare philosophos, quae ne rustici quidem dubitant,

    Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

    Quid? aviam tuam pater tuus non manifesto necavit,

    id. Clu. 14, 40.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > non

  • 19 modo

        modo (modō, C. poët.), adv. (sometimes passing into a conj.)    [abl. of modus].    I. In gen., by a measure, with a limit ; hence, only, merely, solely, simply, but, no more than: unum modo: oppido modo potiti, the bare town, S.: parvam modo causam timoris adferre, Cs.: delectationem modo habere, nunc vero etiam salutem: circi modo spectaculum fuerat, L.: modo ut haec nobis loca tenere liceat; see also dum, solum, tantum.—In urgent commands or wishes, only: modo facito ut illam serves, only be sure to, T.: modo fac, ne quid aliud cures: tu modo... impende laborem, V.: vos modo animos mihi adhibete, Cu.—In the phrase, modo non, only not, almost: modo non montīs auri pollicens, T.—In the phrase, non modo, much less: quos clientīs nemo habere velit, non modo illorum cliens esse.—Usu. followed by sed or verum, not only... but: non modo ceteri, sed tu ipse: ne non modo intrare, verum aspicere possim: non modo non credibiliter, sed ne suspi<*> ciose quidem: non modo honeste, verum etiam communi luce.—But non modo usu. stands for non modo non, before ne... quidem, when both clauses have the same predicate: non modo proditori, sed ne perfugae quidem locus fuit: ut id non modo neglegentiae meae, sed ne occupation<*> quidem tribuas.—    II. In conditions, with ut and subj, if but, provided only, on condition that: scies Modo ut tacere possis, T.: concede, ut impune emerit, modo ut bonā ratione emerit.—As conj, if only, provided that, on condition that: manent ingenia senibus, modo permaneat industria: ea mihi probantur, modo ne illa exceptio incurrat, etc.—Elliptic, but, but yet, if only, however: decerne, modo recte: bonis viris faciendum est modo pro facultatibus: veniam quo vocas, modo adiutore te.—With relatives, in any degree, at all, only, merely, even: servus, qui modo tolerabili condicione sit servitutis: philosophus, in quo modo esset auctoritas: primi, quā modo praeirent duces, tamen signa sequebantur, wherever, L.—With si, if only, if but: tu si modo es Romae: scis, si modo meministi, etc.: Persequar inferius, modo si licet ordine ferre, O.—    III. Of time, just now, just: La. advenis modo? Pa. admodum, T.: modo nunc, V.: modo iam, Tb.— Just now, but this moment, a little while ago, lately, recently: quid dico nuper?: immo vero modo ac plane paulo ante: quae modo consulem osculata filium suum, nunc cruciatur: si hodie bella sint, quale Gallicum modo, L.— Presently, immediately, directly, in a moment: domum modo ibo, T.: modo prohiberi etiam se senatūs consulto diceret, L.—In correlation, with modo repeated, or with another adv.: modo... modo, now... now, at one moment... at another, sometimes... sometimes: modo ait, modo negat, at times he says yes, at times no, T.: Cotta meus modo hoc, modo illud: citus modo, modo tardus incessus, S.: nunc... modo, L.: modo... Nunc, O.: nobilitas perculsa modo per socios, interdum per equites, S.: saepe cum anellis, modo laevā inani, H.: modo... modo... saepe, S.—With tum or deinde, at first... then, at one time... at another: sol modo accedens, tum autem recedens: dicere modo unum, tum autem plurīs deos: ilex, paulum modo prona, deinde flexa, S.
    * * *
    I
    only, merely; just now/recently, lately; presently
    II
    but, if only; but only

    Latin-English dictionary > modo

  • 20 nec or neque

        nec or neque (in nec the negation is more prominent, in neque the connective), adv. and conj.    [1 ne+que].    I. Without a correl. particle, and not, also not, nor: quia non viderunt, nec sciunt: delubra esse in urbibus censeo, nec sequor magos, etc.—Negativing a single word: illa se negat, Neque eum aequom ait facere, T.: Et vidi et perii, nec notis ignibus arsi, O.: nec dubie ludibrio esse miserias suas, L.: nec idcirco minus: neque eo minus, L.: neque eo secius, N.—With adversative particles, nor yet, nor however, and yet not, but yet not: castra propere movit... Neque tamen Antonius procul aberat, S.: nec despero tamen: neque vero multum interest.—With enim, for... not, and in fact... not, and yet... not: neque enim erat cuiquam dubium: nec enim' licebat: Dixerat haec Tellus, neque enim tolerare potuit, etc., O.—With non (sometimes written necnon), introducing an emphatic affirmation, and assuredly, and certainly, and besides, and indeed: neque haec tu non intellegis: Tunc mihi praecipue, nec non tamen ante, placebas, O.: neque non me tamen mordet aliquid.—Poet., as a mere connective, also, besides, as well, too: Nec non et gemini custodes Praecedunt, V.—With dum (sometimes written necdum), and not yet, nor yet: si scis, neque dum Romā es profectus, scribas, etc.: necdum tamen ego Quintum conveneram.— Introducing a negative clause of purpose, result, or command, and... not: recordare enim... nec hoc pertimueris: profanum esto, neque scelus esto, L.: Transque caput iace, nec respexeris, V.: (diem) lucro Appone, nec dulcīs amores Sperne, H.: date munera templis, Nec timidā gaudete fide, O.: Nec tu mensarum morsūs horresce, V.: nec tempora perde precando, O.: nunc ut ea praetermittam, neque eos appellem, etc.: ut secundae classis vocarentur, nec umquam descenderent, L.: orare coepit, ne enuntiaret nec se proderet, N.: conspirasse, ne manūs ad os cibum ferrent, nec os acciperet datum, L.—Praegn., and not even, not even, and... too: cum praesertim nec nos temperemus imperiis, L.: ne quid praeter sonum linguae, nec eum incorruptum, retinerent, L.: equi non velocitate conspicui; sed nec docentur, etc., T.—Without connective force, not: magistratus nec oboedientem civem coërceto: alter, qui nec procul aberat, L.—    II. With a correlative particle.—With neque or nec, neither... nor: nam certe neque tum peccavi, cum... neque cum, etc.: mors nec ad vivos pertineat nec ad mortuos: haec si neque ego neque tu fecimus, T.: Sed nec Brutus erit, Bruti nec avunculus usquam, Iu.: nemo umquam neque poëta neque orator fuit, qui, etc.—Followed by et or -que in an affirmative clause, on the one hand not... and on the other hand; not only not... but also: id neque amoris mediocris et ingeni summi iudico: ut neque vestitūs praeter pellīs haberent quicquam, et lavarentur in fluminibus, Cs.: ut neque bonus quisquam intereat, paucorumque poenā vos salvi esse possitis.—Preceded by et in an affirmative clause, on the one hand... on the other not, not only... but also not: ego vero et exspectabo ea quae polliceris neque exigam nisi tuo commodo: patebat via et certa neque longa.

    Latin-English dictionary > nec or neque

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